Holmes P H
Parasitology. 1987;94 Suppl:S29-51. doi: 10.1017/s0031182000085814.
Parasites can have a wide range of pathophysiological effects on the host. This review describes those associated with some parasites of major importance in man and animals. Haemoprotozoan diseases such as trypanosomiasis and malaria are primarily associated with anaemia. Such anaemias have a complex aetiology involving various mechanisms responsible for red cell destruction as well as possible defects in red cell production. In addition to these haematological effects these diseases are associated with marked disturbances in heart function and the nervous, immune and urinary systems. The other major groups of parasitic diseases are those associated with the gastrointestinal tract. The most advanced studies have been conducted on the pathophysiology of gastrointestinal nematode parasites of sheep and have revealed significant effects on feed intake, gastrointestinal function, and protein and energy metabolism. Similar studies have yet to be conducted in other hosts and parasitic diseases. There is also a need to examine in greater detail the factors which can modulate pathophysiological responses by the host to parasitic infections.
寄生虫可对宿主产生广泛的病理生理影响。本综述描述了与人和动物中一些重要寄生虫相关的影响。血原虫疾病如锥虫病和疟疾主要与贫血有关。此类贫血病因复杂，涉及多种导致红细胞破坏的机制以及红细胞生成可能存在的缺陷。除了这些血液学影响外，这些疾病还与心脏功能以及神经、免疫和泌尿系统的显著紊乱有关。其他主要的寄生虫病类别是与胃肠道相关的疾病。对绵羊胃肠道线虫寄生虫的病理生理学进行了最深入的研究，揭示了其对采食量、胃肠功能以及蛋白质和能量代谢的显著影响。在其他宿主和寄生虫病中尚未开展类似研究。还需要更详细地研究能够调节宿主对寄生虫感染的病理生理反应的因素。
