CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, 1499-002 Lisbon, Portugal.
ISAMB, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Sep 19;17(18):6852. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17186852.
Physical education (PE) has the potential to promote health-related fitness, however, its contribution is still not clear. The aim of this study was to assess whether students' health-related cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) improved from the beginning to the end of the school year, and to examine the role of PE class intensity and habitual physical activity (PA) in promoting students' CRF. This observational study employed a longitudinal design. Participants were 212 7th and 8th grade students (105 boys), mean age 12.9 years old, followed during one school year, from September 2017 to June 2018. The Progressive Aerobic Cardiovascular Endurance Run (PACER) was used to assess CRF at baseline and follow-up. PA was measured using accelerometers. PE class intensity was assessed using the System for Observing Fitness Instruction Time. Findings indicated that from the beginning to the end of the school year, a greater percentage of participants were in the CRF healthy fitness zone (73.1% to 79.7%, = 0.022). Among boys, participating in organized sports (B = 4.61, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.33, 8.88) and the percentage of PE time being very active (B = 0.90, 95% CI: 0.44, 1.35) were positively associated with the change in PACER laps. Among girls, daily vigorous PA (B = 0.38, 95% CI: 0.15, 0.60) and participating in organized sports (B = 4.10, 95% CI: 0.93, 7.27) were also positively associated with PACER change, while being overweight or obese (B = -5.11, 95% CI: -8.28, -1.93) was negatively associated. In conclusion, PE was demonstrated to have a positive role in the promotion of CRF, especially among boys, while for girls, habitual PA seems to have a greater contribution. Nevertheless, results and conclusions should be considered carefully, taking into account study limitations, such as the non-direct measures of PE class intensity, CRF, and school setting.
体育教育（PE）有潜力促进与健康相关的体能，但它的贡献仍不清楚。本研究的目的是评估学生的与健康相关的心肺适能（CRF）是否从学年开始到结束有所提高，并检验体育课强度和习惯性体力活动（PA）在促进学生 CRF 方面的作用。本观察性研究采用了纵向设计。参与者是 212 名 7 至 8 年级学生（105 名男生），平均年龄为 12.9 岁，从 2017 年 9 月到 2018 年 6 月进行了为期一年的随访。在基线和随访时使用渐进式有氧运动心血管耐力跑（PACER）评估 CRF。使用加速度计测量 PA。使用观察健身指导时间系统评估体育课强度。研究结果表明，从学年开始到结束，有更大比例的参与者处于 CRF 健康健身区（73.1%到 79.7%，= 0.022）。在男生中，参加有组织的运动（B = 4.61，95%置信区间[CI]：0.33，8.88）和体育课中非常活跃的比例（B = 0.90，95%CI：0.44，1.35）与 PACER 圈数的变化呈正相关。在女生中，每日剧烈 PA（B = 0.38，95%CI：0.15，0.60）和参加有组织的运动（B = 4.10，95%CI：0.93，7.27）也与 PACER 变化呈正相关，而超重或肥胖（B = -5.11，95%CI：-8.28，-1.93）则呈负相关。总之，PE 被证明在促进 CRF 方面发挥了积极作用，尤其是在男生中，而对于女生，习惯性 PA 似乎有更大的贡献。然而，应考虑到研究的局限性，如非直接测量体育课强度、CRF 和学校环境，谨慎考虑结果和结论。
