Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Einthovenweg 20, 2333 ZC, Leiden, the Netherlands.
Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Einthovenweg 20, 2333 ZC, Leiden, the Netherlands.
Semin Cell Dev Biol. 2021 May;113:65-74. doi: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2020.09.003. Epub 2020 Sep 19.
Zinc-Finger (ZnF) proteins represent one of the most abundant group of proteins in the human genome. At first characterized as DNA binding proteins, it has become increasingly clear that ZnF-proteins have the ability to bind a large variety of substrates such as RNAs, proteins and post-translational modifications, suggesting potential roles in a variety of biological processes. Indeed, several studies have implicated ZnF-proteins for instance in transcription regulation, signal transduction and cell migration. Intriguingly, more recently these proteins have emerged as important protectors of the genome, particularly by orchestrating the repair of highly deleterious DNA double-strand breaks. Here we provide a comprehensive summary of the roles of ZnF domain-containing proteins in DNA double-strand break repair and discuss how their dysfunction impacts genome stability and human disease.
锌指（ZnF）蛋白是人类基因组中最丰富的蛋白家族之一。最初被描述为 DNA 结合蛋白，现在越来越清楚的是，ZnF 蛋白具有结合多种底物的能力，如 RNA、蛋白质和翻译后修饰，这表明它们在各种生物学过程中可能具有潜在的作用。事实上，已有多项研究表明 ZnF 蛋白在转录调控、信号转导和细胞迁移等方面发挥作用。有趣的是，最近这些蛋白作为基因组的重要保护者而出现，特别是通过协调对高度有害的 DNA 双链断裂的修复。本文全面总结了 ZnF 结构域蛋白在 DNA 双链断裂修复中的作用，并讨论了它们的功能障碍如何影响基因组稳定性和人类疾病。
