Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Guangdong Institute of Eco-environmental Science & Technology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, P.R. China.
National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangzhou 510650, P.R. China.
FEMS Microbiol Ecol. 2020 Oct 29;96(11). doi: 10.1093/femsec/fiaa188.
Antimony mining has resulted in considerable pollution to the soil environment. Although studies on antinomy contamination have been conducted, its effects on vertical soil profiles and depth-resolved microbial communities remain unknown. The current study selected three vertical soil profiles (0-2 m) from the world's largest antimony mining area to characterize the depth-resolved soil microbiota and investigate the effects of mining contamination on microbial adaptation. Results demonstrated that contaminated soil profiles showed distinct depth-resolved effects when compared to uncontaminated soil profiles. As soil depth increased, the concentrations of antimony and arsenic gradually declined in the contaminated soil profiles. Acidobacteria, Chloroflexi, Proteobacteria and Thaumarchaeota were the most variable phyla from surface to deep soil. The co-occurrence networks were loosely connected in surface soil, but obviously recovered and were well-connected in deep soil. The metagenomic results indicated that microbial metabolic potential also changed with soil depth. Genes encoding C metabolism pathways were negatively correlated with antimony and arsenic concentrations. Abundances of arsenic-related genes were enriched by severe contamination, but reduced with soil depth. Overall, soil depth-resolved characteristics are often many meters deep and such effects affected the indigenous microbial communities, as well as their metabolic potential due to different contaminants along vertical depths.
锑矿开采导致土壤环境受到严重污染。尽管已经开展了关于锑污染的研究，但它对垂直土壤剖面和深度解析微生物群落的影响仍不清楚。本研究从世界上最大的锑矿区选择了三个垂直土壤剖面（0-2 米），以描述深度解析的土壤微生物群落，并调查采矿污染对微生物适应的影响。结果表明，受污染的土壤剖面与未受污染的土壤剖面相比表现出明显的深度解析效应。随着土壤深度的增加，受污染土壤剖面中的锑和砷浓度逐渐下降。酸杆菌门、绿弯菌门、变形菌门和泉古菌门是从表土到深层土壤中最具变异性的门。共生网络在表土中松散连接，但在深层土壤中明显恢复并紧密连接。宏基因组学结果表明，微生物代谢潜能也随土壤深度而变化。编码 C 代谢途径的基因与锑和砷浓度呈负相关。砷相关基因的丰度在严重污染时富集，但随土壤深度而减少。总的来说，土壤深度解析特征通常可达数米深，这种效应影响了由于垂直深度不同而存在的土著微生物群落及其代谢潜能。
