Department of Pediatrics, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center.
Department of Pediatrics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD.
J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2020 Dec;71(6):699-703. doi: 10.1097/MPG.0000000000002955.
Small rare-earth magnet (SREM) ingestions are a dangerous, potentially fatal health hazard in children. The U.S. Consumer Safety Commission removed these products from the market in 2012 until a federal court decision vacated this action in 2016. The present study aims to investigate whether the reintroduction of SREMs is associated with an increase in the national frequency of magnet ingestions in children.
Data from the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS) were used to evaluate suspected magnet ingestion (SMI) trends within patients (0-17 years) from 2009 to 2019. SMI cases were stratified (total, small/round, and multiple magnet ingestions) and trend analyses were performed for 2 periods: 2013-2016 (off-market) and 2017-2019 (on-market). National SMI estimates calculated using the NEISS-supplied weights and variance variables.
An estimated 23,756 children (59% males, 42% < 5 years old) presented with a SMI from 2009 to 2019 with an average annual case increase of 6.1% (P = 0.01). There was a significant increase in both small/round SMI encounters and multiple magnet ingestion encounters from 2009 to 2019 (P < 0.001 and P < 0.01, respectively). From 2017 to 2019, there was a greater proportion of small/round type SMIs to total SMIs estimated n = 541 (confidence interval [CI], 261-822) and a greater proportion of multiple magnet ingestions to total SMIs estimated n = 797 (CI, 442-1152) (both, P < 0.01). After 2017, there was a 5-fold increase in the escalation of care for multiple magnet ingestions (estimated n = 1094; CI 505-1686).
The significant increase in magnet ingestions by children from 2017 to 2019 indicates that regulatory actions are urgently needed to protect children and reverse these trends.
小稀土磁铁（SREM）摄入对儿童来说是一种危险的、潜在致命的健康危害。美国消费者安全委员会于 2012 年将这些产品从市场上撤出，直到 2016 年联邦法院的一项裁决撤销了这一行动。本研究旨在调查 SREM 的重新引入是否与儿童中磁铁摄入的全国频率增加有关。
利用国家电子伤害监测系统（NEISS）的数据，评估 2009 年至 2019 年期间患者（0-17 岁）疑似磁铁摄入（SMI）的趋势。将 SMI 病例分层（总数、小/圆形和多个磁铁摄入），并对两个时期进行趋势分析：2013-2016 年（市场外）和 2017-2019 年（市场内）。使用 NEISS 提供的权重和方差变量计算全国 SMI 估计值。
估计有 23756 名儿童（59%为男性，42%为 5 岁以下）在 2009 年至 2019 年期间因 SMI 就诊，年平均病例增长率为 6.1%（P=0.01）。从小/圆形 SMI 发生率和多个磁铁摄入发生率来看，2009 年至 2019 年都有显著增加（P<0.001 和 P<0.01）。2017 年至 2019 年，小/圆形 SMI 占总 SMI 的比例增加，估计 n=541（置信区间[CI]，261-822），多个磁铁摄入占总 SMI 的比例增加，估计 n=797（CI，442-1152）（均为 P<0.01）。2017 年后，多磁铁摄入的治疗升级增加了 5 倍（估计 n=1094；CI 505-1686）。
儿童磁铁摄入的显著增加表明，迫切需要采取监管行动来保护儿童并扭转这些趋势。
