Reeves Patrick Todd, Nylund Cade M, Krishnamurthy Jayasree, Noel Robert Adam, Abbas Mazen I
Department of Pediatrics, Brooke Army Medical Center, San Antonio, TX.
Department of Pediatrics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD.
J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2018 May;66(5):e116-e121. doi: 10.1097/MPG.0000000000001830.
Ingestion of rare earth magnets is a serious ongoing hazard for pediatric patients. Our study aims to investigate whether 2012 Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) policy action, in coordination with efforts from consumer and physician advocacy groups, decreased the incidence of magnet ingestions in children in the United States since 2012.
Data from the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS) was used to evaluate trends in emergency department (ED) encounters with pediatric patients (<18 years) who presented with suspected magnet ingestions (SMI) from 2010 to 2015. National estimates of SMI were made using the NEISS-supplied weights and variance variables.
An estimated 14,586 children (59% male, 50% age <5 years) presented to the ED for SMI from 2010 to 2015. A significant upward trend in magnet-related ED visits preceded the CPSC action, with the peak ingestions of 3167 (95% confidence interval, 1612-4723) recorded in 2012. This was followed by a steady decrease in the rate of SMI to 1907 (95% confidence interval, 1062-2752) in 2015, an average annual decrease of 13.3%. Most importantly, post-federal action estimates demonstrated a downward trend in overall SMI ED visits (P = 0.03).
The frequency of magnet ingestions continued to rise from 2010 and then peak in 2012, followed by a decline in magnet ingestion ED visits during the post-federal action years. This down trend emphasizes the importance of advocacy on decreasing magnet ingestions in children. Further study will be required to determine the impact of the court decision to lift the magnet ban in 2016.
摄入稀土磁体对儿科患者而言始终是一项严重的危害。我们的研究旨在调查2012年消费品安全委员会（CPSC）的政策行动，与消费者及医生倡导组织的努力协同，自2012年以来是否降低了美国儿童磁体摄入的发生率。
利用国家电子伤害监测系统（NEISS）的数据，评估2010年至2015年期间因疑似磁体摄入（SMI）而到急诊科（ED）就诊的儿科患者（<18岁）的趋势。使用NEISS提供的权重和方差变量对SMI进行全国性估计。
2010年至2015年期间，估计有14586名儿童（59%为男性，50%年龄<5岁）因SMI到急诊科就诊。在CPSC采取行动之前，与磁体相关的急诊科就诊呈显著上升趋势，2012年记录到的最高摄入量为3167例（95%置信区间，1612 - 4723）。随后，SMI发生率稳步下降，到2015年降至1907例（95%置信区间，1062 - 2752），年均下降13.3%。最重要的是，联邦行动后的估计显示，总体SMI急诊科就诊呈下降趋势（P = 0.03）。
磁体摄入的频率从2010年持续上升，然后在2012年达到峰值，随后在联邦行动后的几年里，磁体摄入的急诊科就诊量有所下降。这种下降趋势强调了倡导减少儿童磁体摄入的重要性。需要进一步研究以确定2016年法院解除磁体禁令的决定所产生的影响。
