Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Department of Consumer Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea.
Indoor Air. 2021 Mar;31(2):557-565. doi: 10.1111/ina.12747. Epub 2020 Oct 7.
With an increasing use of indoor disinfectants such as chlorine (Cl ) and hypochlorous acid, a convenient sampler for estimating exposure to oxidants, such as effective chlorine, is necessary. Here, we developed a personal passive air sampler (PPAS) composed of a redox dye, o-dianisidine, in a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) sheet. o-Dianisidine readily reacts with gaseous oxidants generated by bleach usage, and its color changes as the reaction progresses; hence, personal exposure to effective chlorine could be easily detected by the naked eye, while cumulative exposure could be determined by measuring concentrations of o-dianisidine reacting with it. The PPAS was calibrated, and a sampling rate of 0.00253 m /h was obtained using a small test chamber. The PPAS was tested with the help of ten volunteers whose personal exposure to Cl -equivalent gas was estimated after bathrooms were cleaned using spray and liquid-type household disinfection products, and the accumulated exposure-gas concentrations ranged from 69 to 408 ppbv and 148 to 435 ppbv, respectively. These PPAS-derived exposure concentrations were approximately two orders lower than those estimated using ConsExpo, suggesting a significant overestimation by prevailing screening models, possibly due to the ignorance of transformation reactions.
随着室内消毒剂（如氯和次氯酸）的使用越来越多，有必要开发一种方便的采样器来估计氧化剂（如有效氯）的暴露水平。在这里，我们开发了一种由氧化还原染料邻二茴香胺（o -二茴香胺）组成的个人被动空气采样器（PPAS），并将其置于聚二甲基硅氧烷（PDMS）薄片中。邻二茴香胺容易与漂白剂使用时产生的气态氧化剂反应，其颜色随反应的进行而变化；因此，有效氯的个人暴露可以通过肉眼轻松检测，而累积暴露则可以通过测量与它反应的邻二茴香胺的浓度来确定。对 PPAS 进行了校准，使用小型测试室获得了 0.00253 m/h 的采样速率。在十位志愿者的帮助下对 PPAS 进行了测试，这些志愿者在使用喷雾和液体家用消毒产品清洁浴室后，估计了他们个人接触 Cl -当量气体的情况，累积暴露-气体浓度分别为 69 至 408 ppbv 和 148 至 435 ppbv。这些由 PPAS 得出的暴露浓度比使用 ConsExpo 估计的浓度低约两个数量级，这表明现有筛选模型存在显著的高估，这可能是由于忽略了转化反应。
