Department of Kinesiology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave West, Waterloo, Ontario. N2L 3G1, Canada.
School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, 75 Laurier Ave East, Ottawa, Ontario. K1N 6N5, Canada.
Appl Ergon. 2021 Jan;90:103267. doi: 10.1016/j.apergo.2020.103267. Epub 2020 Sep 25.
To identify requirements for human-in-the-loop simulation capabilities and improve their utility in predicting and optimizing soldier-systems integration.
Technological development rates within the military are rapidly increasing. Emergent technologies often exclude in-depth consideration of human-system interactions until the physical prototyping phase. Human-in-the-loop simulation tools can allow for earlier consideration of humans in the development process; however, use remains limited.
Semi-structured interviews were conducted with key informants to yield perspectives on current human-in-the-loop simulation capabilities and utility specific to the military. An inductive approach to thematic analysis was used to extract critical themes from transcribed interview data. A scoping review was completed to supplement the data obtained from interviews and summarize knowledge regarding requirements for human-in-the-loop simulation and analysis capabilities targeted to the military.
Interviews were conducted with five experts representing the sectors of Vehicle/Equipment Design, Simulation, and Army Research. A total of 2274 sources were identified, and 64 papers were retained for the scoping review. Thematic analysis of the combined data sources yielded six important themes to consider with respect to requirements for future human-in-the-loop simulation capabilities targeting soldier-systems integration.
This study has identified eight key requirements to support the use of human-in-the-loop simulation tools to predict and optimize soldier-systems integration and performance.
Addressing key requirements will improve the ability of current human-in-the-loop simulation tools to accommodate the military's need for human consideration early in the design process.
确定人机交互仿真能力的要求，并提高其在预测和优化士兵系统集成方面的效用。
军事领域的技术发展速度正在迅速加快。新兴技术通常在物理原型阶段之前，不深入考虑人机交互。人机交互仿真工具可以允许在开发过程中更早地考虑人类；然而，其使用仍然有限。
对关键信息员进行半结构化访谈，以获得关于当前军事领域人机交互仿真能力和实用性的观点。采用归纳主题分析方法从转录的访谈数据中提取关键主题。完成了范围综述，以补充从访谈中获得的数据，并总结针对军事领域的人机交互仿真和分析能力的要求。
对代表车辆/设备设计、仿真和陆军研究部门的五名专家进行了访谈。共确定了 2274 个来源，并保留了 64 篇论文进行范围综述。对综合数据源的主题分析得出了六个重要主题，需要考虑未来针对士兵系统集成的人机交互仿真能力的要求。
本研究确定了八项关键要求，以支持使用人机交互仿真工具来预测和优化士兵系统集成和性能。
满足关键要求将提高当前人机交互仿真工具的能力，以满足军事部门在设计过程早期考虑人类的需求。
