German Centre of Gerontology, Berlin, Germany.
Department of Psychological Ageing Research, Institute of Psychology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.
Aging Ment Health. 2021 Dec;25(12):2200-2212. doi: 10.1080/13607863.2020.1822290. Epub 2020 Sep 28.
OBJECTIVES: So far, little is known about linkages between subjective age views and long-term changes in vision and hearing. METHOD: We examined the predictive role of two key measures of subjective age views (attitude toward own aging [ATOA]; aging-related cognitions comprising continuous growth, social loss, and physical decline) for changes in self-reported problems with vision and hearing over a period of up to 9 years. A subsample of the German Ageing Survey was used, consisting of 2,499 older adults. RESULTS: Controlling for socio-demographic characteristics, self-rated health, and depressive symptoms, we found that with increasing age, more favorable ATOA scores, as well as higher scores on continuous growth and lower scores on physical decline, were associated with fewer self-reported vision problems at baseline. With advancing age, more favorable ATOA scores were also related with fewer hearing problems at baseline. However, among individuals with an older baseline age, more favorable ATOA scores were associated with a steeper increase in vision problems. Higher scores on continuous growth were related with less increase in hearing problems, independent of age. CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that subjective age views predict individuals' self-reported vision and hearing problems.
目的:到目前为止,人们对主观年龄观念与视力和听力的长期变化之间的联系知之甚少。
方法:我们研究了两个主观年龄观念的关键衡量指标(对自身衰老的态度[ATOA];包含持续成长、社会损失和身体衰退的与衰老相关的认知)对长达 9 年的视力和听力自我报告问题变化的预测作用。使用了德国老龄化调查的一个子样本,其中包括 2499 名老年人。
结果:在控制社会人口特征、自我评估的健康状况和抑郁症状后,我们发现,随着年龄的增长,更有利的 ATOA 评分,以及更高的持续成长得分和更低的身体衰退得分,与基线时较少的自我报告的视力问题相关。随着年龄的增长,更有利的 ATOA 评分也与较少的听力问题有关。然而,在基线年龄较大的个体中,更有利的 ATOA 评分与视力问题的急剧增加有关。持续成长的得分越高,听力问题的增加就越少,与年龄无关。
结论:我们的研究结果表明,主观年龄观念预测个体的自我报告的视力和听力问题。
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