Department of Applied Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Geriatr Gerontol Int. 2020 Nov;20(11):1067-1071. doi: 10.1111/ggi.14048. Epub 2020 Sep 28.
To examine the association of physical exercise (PE) and medication on cognitive function in older adults with vascular risk.
This was a cross-sectional study of 478 non-demented participants aged ≥60 years with vascular risk. Management strategy included PE (mind-body exercise and/or strenuous exercise), medication, PE combined with medication and no management at all. Participation of PE was determined by self-reporting exercise engagement in the past year. Cognitive preservation was defined as a global composite z-score that was equal to or above the age and educational adjusted mean of cognitively normal older adults. Binary logistic regression was carried out to examine the association between management strategy and cognitive preservation in each exercise modality adjusted by sociodemographic, physical, mental and genetic factors.
An association was found in preserved cognitive function for those who managed their vascular risk through PE (OR 2.5, 95% CI 1.2-5.3, P = 0.015) and in combination with medication (OR 2.1, 95% CI 1.0-4.6, P = 0.05). A similar pattern was also found in each exercise subtype. A significant short-term (OR 3.6, 95% CI 1.0-12.4, P = 0.042) to lifelong (OR 3.5, 95% CI 1.4-8.5, P = 0.006) cognitive benefit was found in MB exercise.
Medication alone may be insufficient to preserve cognitive function in older adults with vascular risk. In our sample, medication in combined with PE is found to have significant impact on cognitive improvement. Mind-body exercise might be better than strenuous exercise, as a more sustainable cognitive effect is observed. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2020; 20: 1067-1071..
研究体育锻炼（PE）和药物治疗对伴有血管风险的老年人认知功能的影响。
这是一项对 478 名年龄≥60 岁、伴有血管风险但无痴呆的非痴呆参与者进行的横断面研究。管理策略包括 PE（身心锻炼和/或剧烈运动）、药物治疗、PE 联合药物治疗以及完全不进行管理。PE 的参与情况通过自我报告过去一年的运动参与情况来确定。认知保护定义为与认知正常的老年人的年龄和教育程度调整后的平均水平相等或高于平均水平的综合 Z 分数。采用二元逻辑回归分析，在校正社会人口学、身体、精神和遗传因素后，比较每种运动方式的管理策略与认知保护之间的关系。
在通过 PE（OR 2.5，95%CI 1.2-5.3，P=0.015）和联合药物治疗（OR 2.1，95%CI 1.0-4.6，P=0.05）管理血管风险的人群中，认知功能保存存在相关性。在每种运动类型中也观察到类似的模式。短期（OR 3.6，95%CI 1.0-12.4，P=0.042）至终身（OR 3.5，95%CI 1.4-8.5，P=0.006）认知获益均有显著意义。
单独使用药物可能不足以维持伴有血管风险的老年人的认知功能。在我们的样本中，发现药物联合 PE 对认知功能改善有显著影响。身心锻炼可能比剧烈运动更好，因为观察到更可持续的认知效果。
