Nazeri Pantea, Tahmasebinejad Zhale, Hedayati Mehdi, Mirmiran Parvin, Azizi Fereidoun
Family Health Institute, Breastfeeding Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Matern Child Nutr. 2021 Jan;17(1):e13078. doi: 10.1111/mcn.13078. Epub 2020 Sep 29.
Iodine, a key constituent of thyroid hormones, plays an indirect role in prenatal and postnatal growth. This study aimed to investigate whether breast milk iodine concentration (BMIC) is associated with growth- and obesity-related hormones and subsequently the infants' anthropometric measures. In present study conducted in Tehran (Iran), 94 lactating mothers and healthy infants who were exclusively breastfed were included. Concentrations of iodine, insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), adiponectin (AD) and leptin (LP) were measured in breast milk samples collected during 3- to 5-day postpartum. Anthropometric measures of infants were assessed at 6 months of life, and age- and sex-specific z-score values were calculated using the World Health Organization growth standards. The median (interquartile range) iodine, IGF-1, AD and LP concentrations were 232.5 (157.5-296.0) μg L , 15.7 (11.9-21.1) ng ml , 13.2 (5.1-29.8) mg L and 1.16 (0.86-1.70) ng ml in breast milk, respectively. No significant correlations were found between BMIC and IGF-1, AD and LP concentrations during the first few days postpartum. In adjusted regression model, BMIC was positively associated with weight-for-length z score of infants. In the presence of IGF-1, AD or LP, the coefficients of BMIC for weight-for-length z score of infants were β = .003 (P = .021), β = .002 (P = .028) or β = .003 (P = .013), respectively. No other anthropometric measurements were associated with iodine or growth- and obesity-related hormones in breast milk. Our findings indicate that BMIC is a potential contributor to infants' growth status, independent of IGF-1, AD or LP concentrations in breast milk. The underlying mechanisms remain to be elucidated.
碘是甲状腺激素的关键成分，在产前和产后生长中起间接作用。本研究旨在调查母乳碘浓度（BMIC）是否与生长及肥胖相关激素有关，进而与婴儿的人体测量指标相关。在伊朗德黑兰进行的本研究中，纳入了94名纯母乳喂养的哺乳期母亲及其健康婴儿。在产后3至5天收集的母乳样本中测量碘、胰岛素样生长因子-1（IGF-1）、脂联素（AD）和瘦素（LP）的浓度。在婴儿6个月大时评估其人体测量指标，并使用世界卫生组织生长标准计算年龄和性别特异性z评分值。母乳中碘、IGF-1、AD和LP浓度的中位数（四分位间距）分别为232.5（157.5 - 296.0）μg/L、15.7（11.9 - 21.1）ng/ml、13.2（5.1 - 29.8）mg/L和1.16（0.86 - 1.70）ng/ml。产后头几天，未发现BMIC与IGF-1、AD和LP浓度之间存在显著相关性。在调整后的回归模型中，BMIC与婴儿身长体重z评分呈正相关。在存在IGF-1、AD或LP的情况下，BMIC对婴儿身长体重z评分的系数分别为β = 0.00（P = 0.021）、β = 0.002（P = 0.028）或β = 0.003（P = 0.013）。母乳中的碘或生长及肥胖相关激素与其他人体测量指标均无关联。我们的研究结果表明，BMIC是婴儿生长状况的一个潜在影响因素，独立于母乳中IGF-1、AD或LP的浓度。其潜在机制仍有待阐明。
