Department of Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, MAHSA University, Bandar Saujana Putra, 42610, Jenjarom, Selangor, Malaysia.
Department of Community Oral Health and Clinical Prevention, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2020 Sep 29;18(1):319. doi: 10.1186/s12955-020-01565-z.
There is a lack of evidence with regards to the association between both maternal and child dental anxiety and the mother's perception of her child's oral health-related quality of life (COHRQoL). The aim of this study was to investigate the association of maternal and child dental anxiety with COHRQoL and the effect of demographic factors as moderators in this relationship. In addition, the association between child's dental caries experience and the COHRQoL was also assessed.
A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 1150, 5-6 year-old preschool children in Selangor, Malaysia. Mothers answered a questionnaire on socio-economic status, the Malay-Modified Dental Anxiety Scale to assess maternal dental anxiety, and the Malay-Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale to assess COHRQoL. Child's dental anxiety was assessed using the Malay-Modified Child Dental Anxiety Scale via a face-to-face interview prior to oral examination to assess dental caries. Data were analysed using structural equation modelling to assess the relationship between maternal and child dental anxiety and COHRQoL.
Overall, complete data on 842 mother-child dyads were analysed. The mean scores of total ECOHIS, the child impacts section (CIS), and the family impacts section (FIS) were 17.7 (SD = 4.9), 12.6 (SD = 3.7), and 5.1 (SD = 1.9), respectively. The mean dental anxiety scores for mothers and children were 11.8 (SD = 4.5) and 16.9 (SD = 4.3), respectively. Maternal dental anxiety was associated with the CIS (b = 0.08, p < 0.001), the FIS (b = 0.01, p = 0.001), and the total ECOHIS (b = 0.14, p < 0.001). Maternal education level, income, urban/rural location, and kindergarten type were moderators to the relationship. In addition, there was also a significant relationship between child's dental caries experience and COHRQoL (p < 0.001).
Maternal dental anxiety and child's dental caries experience have significantly impacted the COHRQoL, the CIS, and the FIS domains. Demographic factors such as maternal education, income, urban/rural location, and kindergarten type acted as moderators that can strengthen or weaken the relationship between maternal dental anxiety and COHRQoL of 5-6-year-old preschool children.
目前，关于母婴双方的牙齿焦虑与母亲对孩子口腔健康相关生活质量（COHRQoL）的感知之间的关联，尚缺乏证据。本研究旨在调查母婴牙齿焦虑与 COHRQoL 的关联，并探讨人口统计学因素在这种关系中的调节作用。此外，还评估了儿童龋齿经历与 COHRQoL 的关联。
本研究采用横断面研究，在马来西亚雪兰莪州招募了 1150 名 5-6 岁的学龄前儿童及其母亲。母亲通过问卷调查回答了社会经济地位、马来改良牙科焦虑量表（用于评估母亲的牙齿焦虑）和马来幼儿口腔健康影响量表（用于评估 COHRQoL）。在口腔检查前，通过面对面访谈使用马来改良儿童牙科焦虑量表（Malay-Modified Child Dental Anxiety Scale）评估儿童的牙齿焦虑。采用结构方程模型分析数据，以评估母婴牙齿焦虑与 COHRQoL 之间的关系。
共分析了 842 对母子的完整数据。ECOHIS 总分、儿童影响部分（CIS）和家庭影响部分（FIS）的平均得分分别为 17.7（SD=4.9）、12.6（SD=3.7）和 5.1（SD=1.9）。母亲和儿童的平均牙齿焦虑得分分别为 11.8（SD=4.5）和 16.9（SD=4.3）。母亲的牙齿焦虑与 CIS（b=0.08，p<0.001）、FIS（b=0.01，p=0.001）和 ECOHIS 总分（b=0.14，p<0.001）均呈正相关。母亲的教育水平、收入、城乡位置和幼儿园类型是该关系的调节因素。此外，儿童的龋齿经历与 COHRQoL 也呈显著相关（p<0.001）。
母亲的牙齿焦虑和儿童的龋齿经历显著影响了 COHRQoL、CIS 和 FIS 领域。母亲的教育、收入、城乡位置和幼儿园类型等人口统计学因素作为调节因素，可以加强或削弱 5-6 岁学龄前儿童母亲牙齿焦虑与 COHRQoL 之间的关系。
