Huo Jun-Yu, Wang Xin-Qiang, Ge Ying, Wang Yin-Cheng, Hu Xiao-Yu, Liu Ming-Fan, Ji Li-Jun, Ye Bao-Juan
School of Psychology, Center of Mental Health Education and Research, Key Laboratory of Psychology and Cognition Science of Jiangxi, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China.
Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Mental Health, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Chongqing, China.
J Pers. 2021 May;89(3):514-530. doi: 10.1111/jopy.12596. Epub 2020 Oct 11.
People can be categorized into one of four meaning-in-life profiles: High Presence High Search (HPHS), High Presence Low Search (HPLS), Low Presence High Search (LPHS), and Low Presence Low Search (LPLS).The main goal of this study is to provide a theoretical explanation for why Chinese people with different meaning-in-life profiles have different mental health levels than Western people, based on their emotional-cognitive-processing ability.
We adopted eye-movement analysis and recognition-judgment experimental paradigm concerning absolute-recognition judgment and relative-recognition judgment in our study. Moreover, we applied a multifactor and multilevel mixed-experimental design. We selected 118 participants for the experiments from the 788 Chinese college students who responded.
Our results showed that HPHS individuals preferred positive-emotion pictures, LPLS individuals preferred negative-emotion pictures, HPLS individuals preferred positive- and neutral-emotion pictures, and LPHS individuals preferred neutral-emotion pictures. Moreover, HPHS individuals were better at accurately processing facial expression from pictures, while LPLS individuals lacked such ability. The fine-processing ability of HPLS and LPHS individuals was lower than that of HPHS yet higher than that of LPLS individuals. Moreover, the features of HPLS individuals were closer to HPHS, while those of LPHS individuals were closer to LPLS.
Our findings support the hypothesis that meaning-in-life profiles have different immediate processing abilities and preferences regarding facial expression recognition and different emotional-cognitive-processing ability.
人们可以被归类为四种生活意义类型之一：高存在高探索（HPHS）、高存在低探索（HPLS）、低存在高探索（LPHS）和低存在低探索（LPLS）。本研究的主要目的是基于不同生活意义类型的中国人与西方人的情绪认知加工能力，为他们为何具有不同的心理健康水平提供理论解释。
在本研究中，我们采用了眼动分析以及关于绝对识别判断和相对识别判断的识别判断实验范式。此外，我们应用了多因素多水平混合实验设计。我们从788名做出回应的中国大学生中挑选了118名参与者进行实验。
我们的结果表明，HPHS类型的个体更喜欢积极情绪图片，LPLS类型的个体更喜欢消极情绪图片，HPLS类型的个体更喜欢积极和中性情绪图片，而LPHS类型的个体更喜欢中性情绪图片。此外，HPHS类型的个体在准确处理图片中的面部表情方面表现更好，而LPLS类型的个体缺乏这种能力。HPLS和LPHS类型个体的精细加工能力低于HPHS类型个体，但高于LPLS类型个体。此外，HPLS类型个体的特征更接近HPHS类型个体，而LPHS类型个体的特征更接近LPLS类型个体。
我们的研究结果支持了这样一种假设，即生活意义类型在面部表情识别方面具有不同的即时加工能力和偏好，以及不同的情绪认知加工能力。
