Department of Plant and Environmental Protection Sciences, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI.
Department of Entomology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA.
J Econ Entomol. 2020 Dec 9;113(6):2850-2857. doi: 10.1093/jee/toaa227.
Bed bugs spend most of their lives hiding in harborages, usually in the seams of mattresses and box springs and in crevices of bed frames. For insecticidal products that target these shelters, the repellency of the products for bed bugs may influence their duration of contact. Bed bugs are known to avoid contacting surfaces treated with certain insecticides. The fungal biopesticide Aprehend contains spores of the entomopathogen, Beauveria bassiana. It is sprayed around bed frames, box springs, and furniture where bed bugs are likely to walk, which includes potential shelters. Here, I investigated the influence of a permethrin-impregnated cover, ActiveGuard, on bed bug sheltering behavior and the effectiveness of combining ActiveGuard with Aprehend. Bed bugs avoided harboring in a shelter constructed with ActiveGuard compared to a nontoxic encasement-type cover. This avoidance behavior reduced mortality induced by ActiveGuard shelters compared to forced continuous contact on the ActiveGuard cover. However, while bed bugs also avoided Aprehend-treated ActiveGuard shelters, the combined treatment induced almost complete mortality and more quickly than Aprehend-treated shelters made of the encasement-type cover. This suggests compatibility between the two integrated pest management (IPM) tools even though the bed bug's avoidance behavior would suggest otherwise. Since Aprehend is highly effective against pyrethroid-resistant bed bugs, its use would provide more effective control where bed bug populations are more resistant to the permethrin-impregnated cover.
臭虫大部分时间都躲在藏身之处，通常在床垫和床架的缝隙以及床架的缝隙中。对于针对这些避难所的杀虫产品，产品对臭虫的驱避性可能会影响它们的接触时间。已知臭虫会避免接触用某些杀虫剂处理过的表面。真菌生物农药 Aprehend 含有昆虫病原真菌 Beauveria bassiana 的孢子。它被喷洒在床架、床垫和臭虫可能会走动的家具周围，包括潜在的避难所。在这里，我研究了浸渍有氯菊酯的覆盖物 ActiveGuard 对臭虫藏身行为的影响，以及将 ActiveGuard 与 Aprehend 结合使用的效果。与无毒的包裹型覆盖物相比，臭虫避免在带有 ActiveGuard 的避难所中藏身。与在 ActiveGuard 覆盖物上强制持续接触相比，这种回避行为降低了 ActiveGuard 避难所引起的死亡率。然而，虽然臭虫也避开了用 Aprehend 处理过的 ActiveGuard 避难所，但与用包裹型覆盖物制成的用 Aprehend 处理过的避难所相比，联合处理诱导了几乎完全的死亡率，而且速度更快。这表明这两种综合害虫管理 (IPM) 工具之间具有兼容性，尽管臭虫的回避行为表明并非如此。由于 Aprehend 对拟除虫菊酯抗性臭虫非常有效，因此在臭虫种群对浸渍氯菊酯的覆盖物更具抗性的情况下，它的使用将提供更有效的控制。
