Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Health Science, Sangji University, Wonju, South Korea (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5939-6247).
J Food Prot. 2021 Mar 1;84(3):463-471. doi: 10.4315/JFP-20-143.
Mi-iuy croaker (Miichthys miiuy) is one of the most important ingredients of Korean cuisine and, thus, has a high economic value. However, the similar morphological traits among croaker fish belonging to family Sciaenidae are often exploited for seafood fraud. In this study, an M. miiuy-specific primer set was designed and further improved by the development of a rapid and cost-effective duplex PCR method. The specificity of M. miiuy-specific duplex PCR was tested using 22 seafood species, and no cross-reactivity was observed. The sensitivity of the PCR assay was found to be 0.1 ng/μL. For the first time, labeling compliance of 43 commercial mi-iuy croaker products was verified using both full DNA barcoding and M. miiuy-specific duplex PCR methods. For species identification, BOLDSYSTEMS and GenBank database were screened with the consensus sequences of each PCR product as a query. This identification result was further confirmed using the M. miiuy-specific duplex PCR method. The findings of this study revealed that principal species substituted were law croaker (Pseudotolithus senegallus, n = 4), bigeye croaker (Micropogonias megalops, n = 3), whitemouth croaker (Micropogonias furnieri, n = 1), and tigertoothed croaker (Otolithes ruber, n = 1). A significant percentage (21%) of mislabeling was present in commercial mi-iuy products sold on the South Korean market.
米鱼（Miichthys miiuy）是韩国料理中最重要的食材之一，因此具有很高的经济价值。然而，鲷科鱼类在形态上非常相似，这常被不法商贩用于海鲜欺诈。本研究设计了一种米鱼特异性引物对，并通过开发一种快速且经济高效的双重 PCR 方法对其进行了进一步改进。使用 22 种海鲜物种对米鱼特异性双重 PCR 的特异性进行了测试，未观察到交叉反应。该 PCR 检测方法的灵敏度为 0.1ng/μL。首次使用全 DNA 条形码和米鱼特异性双重 PCR 方法对 43 种商业米鱼产品的标签合规性进行了验证。对于物种鉴定，使用 BOLDSYSTEMS 和 GenBank 数据库，将每个 PCR 产物的共识序列作为查询进行筛选。使用米鱼特异性双重 PCR 方法进一步确认了这一鉴定结果。本研究结果表明，主要替代品种为拟石首鱼（Pseudotolithus senegallus，n = 4）、大眼鲷（Micropogonias megalops，n = 3）、白姑鱼（Micropogonias furnieri，n = 1）和红鳍笛鲷（Otolithes ruber，n = 1）。在韩国市场销售的商业米鱼产品中，存在 21%的显著错误标签。
