Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand.
Sci Rep. 2020 Oct 1;10(1):16233. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-73222-w.
In this study, the fungicidal activities of the fungicides azoxystrobin, difenoconazole + propiconazole, carbendazim, flutriafol, fluopyram + tebuconazole, mancozeb and thiophanate-methyl against rice blast and dirty panicle pathogens were evaluated under laboratory and field conditions. Mancozeb exhibited the highest level of fungicidal activity against the blast pathogen Pyricularia oryzae, with an EC value of 0.25 parts per million (ppm). The combination of two fungicides, fluopyram + tebuconazole, showed the strongest fungicidal effect against Bipolaris oryzae and Curvularia lunata, with EC values of 0.587 ppm and 0.435 ppm, respectively. Meanwhile, carbendazim and flutriafol demonstrated the best level of fungicidal activity against Fusarium incarnatum, with the lowest EC values of 0.211 ppm and 0.214 ppm, respectively. The results showed that the fungicides, triazole and strobilurin, had significant effects against rice blast and dirty panicle diseases. The combination of fluopyram + tebuconazole, when applied twice, was the most effective in reducing dirty panicle disease by up to 60% and increasing rice yield by 29% more than the untreated control. Fluopyram + tebuconazole, difenoconazole + propiconazole, flutriafol and azoxystrobin achieved stronger fungicidal activity against rice blast disease, reducing its severity by 32-33% when applied twice by foliar spraying. However, carbendazim, mancozeb and thiophanate-methyl had low to moderate fungicidal activity against both rice diseases in this study.
本研究评估了嘧菌酯、苯醚甲环唑·丙环唑、多菌灵、氟环唑、氟吡菌胺·戊唑醇、代森锰锌和甲基硫菌灵在实验室和田间条件下对稻瘟病和恶苗病病原菌的杀菌活性。代森锰锌对稻瘟病菌(Pyricularia oryzae)表现出最高的杀菌活性,EC 值为 0.25ppm。两种杀菌剂(氟吡菌胺·戊唑醇)对禾谷镰孢菌(Bipolaris oryzae)和新月弯孢菌(Curvularia lunata)表现出最强的杀菌效果,EC 值分别为 0.587ppm 和 0.435ppm。同时,多菌灵和氟环唑对层出镰刀菌(Fusarium incarnatum)表现出最好的杀菌活性,EC 值最低,分别为 0.211ppm 和 0.214ppm。结果表明,三唑类和甲氧基丙烯酸酯类杀菌剂对稻瘟病和恶苗病有显著防治效果。氟吡菌胺·戊唑醇两次施用对恶苗病的防治效果最为显著,可降低病穗率 60%,比不施药对照增加稻谷产量 29%。氟吡菌胺·戊唑醇、苯醚甲环唑·丙环唑、氟环唑和嘧菌酯对稻瘟病的杀菌活性更强,两次叶面喷雾处理可使病情指数降低 32-33%。然而,多菌灵、代森锰锌和甲基硫菌灵在本研究中对两种水稻病害的杀菌活性较低或中等。