Department of Government, School of Public Affairs, American University, Washington, DC 20016, USA.
The Williams Institute, UCLA School of Law, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
Sci Adv. 2020 Oct 2;6(40). doi: 10.1126/sciadv.aba6910. Print 2020 Oct.
Do sexual and gender minorities (SGMs) in the United States encounter disproportionate rates of victimization as compared with their cisgender, heterosexual counterparts? Answering this question has proved elusive because nationally representative victimization data have not included victims' sexual orientation or gender identity. The National Crime Victimization Survey, the nation's primary source of representative information on criminal victimization, began documenting sexual orientation and gender identity in 2016 and released data publicly for the first time in 2019. We find SGMs disproportionately are victims across a variety of crimes. The rate of violent victimization for SGMs is 71.1 victimizations per 1000 people compared with 19.2 victimizations per 1000 people for those who are not SGMs. SGMs are 2.7 times more likely to be a victim of violent crime than non-SGMs. These findings raise the importance of further considering sexual orientation and gender identity in victimization and interventions.
在美国，性少数群体（SGM）与顺性别、异性恋者相比，是否遭遇不成比例的受害率？回答这个问题一直很困难，因为全国代表性的受害数据并未包括受害者的性取向或性别认同。国家犯罪受害调查是美国关于犯罪受害的主要代表性信息来源，该调查于 2016 年开始记录性取向和性别认同，并于 2019 年首次公开发布数据。我们发现，SGM 在各种犯罪中都不成比例地成为受害者。SGM 的暴力受害率为每 1000 人 71.1 起，而非 SGM 的受害率为每 1000 人 19.2 起。SGM 成为暴力犯罪受害者的可能性是非 SGM 的 2.7 倍。这些发现凸显了在受害和干预措施中进一步考虑性取向和性别认同的重要性。
