Key Laboratory of Advanced Braided Composites, Ministry of Education, School of Textile Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin, 300387, People's Republic of China.
AECC Aegis Advanced Protective Technology Co., Ltd, Tianjin, 300304, People's Republic of China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2021 Jan;28(1):16-34. doi: 10.1007/s11356-020-10971-1. Epub 2020 Oct 2.
Water pollution is a global environmental problem that affects the ecosystem severely. Treatment of oily wastewater and organic pollutants is a major challenge that waits to be solved as soon as possible. Adsorbing is one of the most effective strategies to deal with this problem. Three-dimensional (3D) porous adsorbents made of graphene or graphene-based nanomaterials skeletons had attracted more attention in wastewater treatment because of their large surface area, high porosity, low density, high chemical/thermal stability, and steady mechanical properties, which allow different pollutants to easily access and diffuse into 3D networks of adsorbents. This work presents an extensive summarization of recent progress in the synthesis methodologies and microstructures of 3D graphene foams and 3D graphene-based foams and highlights their adsorption performance for oils and organic solvents. Advantages and disadvantages of various preparation strategies are compared and the corresponded structures of these skeletons are studied in detail. Furthermore, the effects of the structures on oil-adsorption properties are analyzed and some data and parameters of the oil-adsorption properties are listed and studied for easier comparison. At last, the future research directions and technical challenges are prospected, which is hoped that the researchers will be inspired to develop the new graphene-based adsorbents.
水污染是一个严重影响生态系统的全球性环境问题。处理含油废水和有机污染物是一个亟待解决的重大挑战。吸附是应对这一问题最有效的策略之一。由石墨烯或基于石墨烯的纳米材料骨架制成的三维（3D）多孔吸附剂由于其大的表面积、高的孔隙率、低的密度、高的化学/热稳定性和稳定的机械性能，使得不同的污染物能够轻易地进入和扩散到吸附剂的 3D 网络中，因此在废水处理中受到了更多的关注。本文广泛总结了 3D 石墨烯泡沫和 3D 基于石墨烯的泡沫的合成方法和微观结构的最新进展，并强调了它们对油和有机溶剂的吸附性能。比较了各种制备策略的优缺点，并详细研究了这些骨架的对应结构。此外，还分析了结构对吸油性能的影响，并列出和研究了一些吸油性能的数据和参数，以便于比较。最后，展望了未来的研究方向和技术挑战，希望能启发研究人员开发新型基于石墨烯的吸附剂。
