The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, P. R. China.
Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA.
Public Health Nurs. 2021 Jan;38(1):22-31. doi: 10.1111/phn.12817. Epub 2020 Oct 2.
The aim of this study was to describe the levels of illness perception and identify interrelations among the variables of illness perception, demographic, and health-related characteristics in a sample of rural Chinese adults with hypertension (HTN).
This is a cross-sectional descriptive study using descriptive and correlation analysis.
It included 163 people diagnosed with HTN for at least 3 years who lived in two rural villages in Zhejiang Province of mainland China during 2014-2015.
Illness perception was measured by the Chinese Illness Perception Questionnaire-Revised. Demographic and illness characteristics were collected by the researcher. Weight, height, and blood pressure (BP) were, respectively, measured by calibrated scale and digital sphygmomanometers.
The findings showed that the BP control rate was 28.80% in the village. The highest average item score found in timeline (3.98 ± 0.76) and control (3.29 ± 0.67) subscales indicated that rural Chinese adults believe in the chronicity and controllability of HTN. Negative illness representation presented the lowest mean item score (2.64) suggesting that the participants neither perceive symptom variation of the illness nor their illness as serious. Interrelations existed among the illness perception variables with variation from that in other previous study. The cause of HTN was attributed to balance factors, psychological factors, risk factors, and cultural factors in sequence. Age, education, body mass index, and household annual income were correlated with illness perception.
These findings suggested that misconceptions about HTN perception existed among rural adults in the villages. Comprehensive health education program is needed to increase rural adults' knowledge and management of HTN.
本研究旨在描述农村成年高血压患者的疾病感知水平，并确定疾病感知变量与人口统计学和健康相关特征之间的相互关系。
这是一项横断面描述性研究，采用描述性和相关性分析。
研究对象为 2014 年至 2015 年间居住在中国浙江省两个农村村庄的 163 名被诊断为高血压至少 3 年的成年人。
疾病感知采用中文版疾病感知问卷修订版进行测量。人口统计学和疾病特征由研究者收集。体重、身高和血压分别由校准秤和数字血压计测量。
研究结果显示，该村庄的血压控制率为 28.80%。在时间线（3.98 ± 0.76）和控制（3.29 ± 0.67）分量表中，最高的平均项目得分表明农村成年人认为高血压具有慢性和可控制性。负面的疾病表现呈现出最低的平均项目得分（2.64），表明参与者既不认为疾病的症状变化，也不认为自己的疾病严重。疾病感知变量之间存在相互关系，与其他先前研究中的关系有所不同。高血压的病因依次归因于平衡因素、心理因素、危险因素和文化因素。年龄、教育程度、体重指数和家庭年收入与疾病感知相关。
这些发现表明，农村成年人对高血压的认知存在误解。需要开展综合的健康教育计划，以提高农村成年人对高血压的认识和管理水平。
