Kavosh Cognitive Behavior and Addiction Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
Otorhinolaryngology Research Center, Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
Arch Pediatr. 2020 Nov;27(8):432-435. doi: 10.1016/j.arcped.2020.08.014. Epub 2020 Oct 1.
The most important aspect of hearing loss is its effect on the communication abilities of individuals. The aim of this study was to compare the prevalence of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in hearing-impaired (HI) children with normal-hearing (NH) peers.
A total of 130 children (65 children with severe-to-profound hearing loss and 65 NH peers) participated in this cross-sectional study from November 2013 to May 2014. ADHD Rating Scale IV questionnaires were given to children's parents to collect data. Descriptive and analytical analyses were used in order to achieve the objectives of the study.
The mean age of the HI children and NH peers was 14.1 and 13.3 years, respectively. In the case group, 52 children suffered from congenital hearing loss and 10 children had acquired hearing loss. In total, 19 cases (29.2%) and eight controls (12.3%) were diagnosed with ADHD. This difference was statistically significant (P=0.017). The prevalence of ADHD in children with hereditary or acquired hearing loss was 30.7% and 20.0%, respectively. However, this difference was not significant (P=0.71).
The prevalence of ADHD in school-aged children with hearing loss is higher than that in the general population of the same age. We could not find significant differences between the different subgroups due to the small sample size. Therefore, we recommend a further larger study to determine the interaction between hearing loss and ADHD.
听力损失最重要的方面是其对个体交流能力的影响。本研究旨在比较听力受损（HI）儿童与正常听力（NH）儿童中注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）的患病率。
本横断面研究共纳入 130 名儿童（65 名患有重度至极重度听力损失的儿童和 65 名 NH 儿童），于 2013 年 11 月至 2014 年 5 月期间入组。通过向儿童家长发放 ADHD 评定量表 IV 问卷来收集数据。采用描述性和分析性分析来实现研究目标。
HI 儿童和 NH 儿童的平均年龄分别为 14.1 岁和 13.3 岁。在病例组中，52 名儿童患有先天性听力损失，10 名儿童患有后天性听力损失。共有 19 例（29.2%）和 8 例（12.3%）患儿被诊断为 ADHD。这一差异具有统计学意义（P=0.017）。遗传性或获得性听力损失患儿中 ADHD 的患病率分别为 30.7%和 20.0%，但差异无统计学意义（P=0.71）。
在学龄期听力损失儿童中，ADHD 的患病率高于同年龄一般人群。由于样本量较小，我们未能发现不同亚组之间的显著差异。因此，我们建议进行进一步的更大规模研究，以确定听力损失与 ADHD 之间的相互作用。
