Laboratório de Morfopatologia, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Núcleo de Pesquisas em Ciências Biológicas (NUPEB), Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil; Laboratório de Imunopatologia, Núcleo de Pesquisas em Ciências Biológicas (NUPEB), Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil.
Laboratório de Morfopatologia, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Núcleo de Pesquisas em Ciências Biológicas (NUPEB), Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil.
Exp Parasitol. 2020 Nov;218:108012. doi: 10.1016/j.exppara.2020.108012. Epub 2020 Oct 1.
Chagas disease, caused by the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi, is endemic in almost all countries of Latin America. In Brazil, oral infection is becoming the most important mechanism of transmission of the disease in several regions of the country. The gastrointestinal tract is the gateway for the parasite through this route of infection, however, little is known about the involvement of these organs related to oral route. In this sense, the present study evaluated the impact of oral infection on the digestive tract in mice infected by Berenice-78 (Be-78) T. cruzi strain, in comparison with the intraperitoneal route of infection. In this work, the intraperitoneal route group showed a peak of parasitemia similar to the oral route group, however the mortality rate among the orally infected animals was higher when compared to intraperitoneal route. By analyzing the frequency of blood cell populations, differences were mainly observed in CD4 T lymphocytes, and not in CD8 presenting an earlier reduction in the number of CD4 T cells, which persisted for a longer period, in the animals of the oral group when compared with the intraperitoneal group. Animals infected by oral route presented a higher tissue parasitism and inflammatory infiltrate in stomach, duodenum and colon on the 28th day after infection. Therefore, these data suggest that oral infection has a different profile of parasitological and immune responses compared to intraperitoneal route, being the oral route more virulent and with greater tissue parasitism in organs of the gastrointestinal tract evaluated during the acute phase.
恰加斯病由原生动物克氏锥虫引起，在几乎所有拉丁美洲国家都有流行。在巴西，口腔感染正在成为该国许多地区该病传播的最重要机制。消化道是寄生虫通过这种感染途径进入的门户，但关于与口腔途径相关的这些器官的参与情况知之甚少。在这个意义上，本研究评估了口服感染对经贝伦尼斯-78（Be-78）克氏锥虫株感染的小鼠消化道的影响，与腹腔感染途径进行了比较。在这项工作中，腹腔感染途径组的寄生虫血症峰值与口服感染途径组相似，但口服感染动物的死亡率明显高于腹腔感染途径组。通过分析血细胞群的频率，主要观察到 CD4 T 淋巴细胞的差异，而 CD8 淋巴细胞没有差异，口服组动物的 CD4 T 细胞数量更早、持续时间更长地减少，与腹腔组相比。口服感染的动物在感染后第 28 天胃、十二指肠和结肠的组织寄生虫和炎症浸润更高。因此，这些数据表明，与腹腔途径相比，口服感染具有不同的寄生虫学和免疫反应特征，口服途径在急性阶段评估的胃肠道器官中具有更强的毒力和更高的组织寄生虫。
