Pfleger Liver Institute, 200 Medical Plaza Driveway, Suite 214, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
Pfleger Liver Institute, 200 Medical Plaza Driveway, Suite 214, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
Clin Liver Dis. 2020 Nov;24(4):755-769. doi: 10.1016/j.cld.2020.07.008. Epub 2020 Sep 2.
Historically, systemic treatment of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma was limited to the tyrosine kinase inhibitor sorafenib. With the recent approval of several new agents the armamentarium of treatment options available to providers and patients has expanded. Although these promising advances offer hope for patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma, they also present new and challenging adverse effects that threaten to limit their efficacy. Immunotherapy with checkpoint inhibitors introduce immune-related adverse events, which may affect a wide array of organ systems. With prompt recognition, however, common side effects of systemic therapies for hepatocellular carcinoma are predictable, manageable, and many improve with appropriate intervention.
从历史上看，晚期肝细胞癌的系统治疗仅限于酪氨酸激酶抑制剂索拉非尼。随着最近批准了几种新的药物，为医生和患者提供的治疗方案选择范围扩大了。尽管这些有希望的进展为晚期肝细胞癌患者带来了希望，但它们也带来了新的和具有挑战性的不良反应，有可能限制其疗效。检查点抑制剂免疫治疗会引发免疫相关的不良反应，这些不良反应可能会影响广泛的器官系统。然而，通过及时识别，肝细胞癌的系统治疗的常见副作用是可预测的、可管理的，并且许多副作用在适当的干预下会得到改善。
