Issa Tahani Osman, Mohamed Ahmed Ahmed Ibrahim, Mohamed Yahya Sulieman, Yagi Sakina, Makhawi Abdelrafie Mohamed, Khider Tarig Osman
College of Applied and Industrial Sciences, University of Bahri, P. O. Box 1606, Khartoum, Sudan.
Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants National Centre for Research, Khartoum, Sudan.
Biochem Res Int. 2020 Sep 15;2020:8810744. doi: 10.1155/2020/8810744. eCollection 2020.
The present study aimed to investigate the physiochemical activities of (Linn) roots and phytochemicals as insecticidal (ethyl acetate and methanol) and antidiabetic (ethanolic extract) activities. Physicochemical properties were carried out by using Association of Official Analytical Chemist methods; thin layer chromatography was carried out according to the Stahl method. Larvicidal activity and LD were studied against the third instar of mosquito larvae to detect and extract toxicity. The ethanolic extracts of the roots were orally tested at the dose 200 mg/kg for the hypoglycemic effect on induced hyperglycemia in normal rats, assessed in the ethanol extract, and were compared with diabetic control and standards glibenclamide 10 mg/kg. Physiochemical parameters showed high rate in the nitrogen-free extract (69.6%), curd fiber (14.5%), crude proteins (8.15%), ether extract (3.75%), and both ash and moisture (2%), and high concentrations values were found in potassium (43 mg/l) followed by phosphorous (28.5 mg/l), calcium (15 mg/l), sodium (3.65 mg/l), and magnesium (0.145 mg/l). In this part, phytochemical compounds showed high amount of alkaloids, triterpene, flavonoids, tannins, sugars, and few amount of anthraquinone glycosides. Thin-layer chromatography (TLC) studies different colored phytochemical constituted with different Rf values. All the spots are colored under UV light, but some are localized colorless after spaying. The ethyl acetate (EtAc) extract showed eight spots, and the methanol (MeOH) extract showed thirteen spots. The larvicidal activity showed that the ethyl acetate extract was safe against mosquito larvae with an LD value 1412.54 ( < 0.05), and the methanol extract had moderate larvicidal activity against mosquito larvae with an LD value 257.54 ( < 0.05), while the ethanolic extract of (L.) causes a favorable hypoglycemic activity when compared to control significant reduction by [53.15%, 32.87%, and 20.94%], respectively, as well as standard glibenclamide. Based on the various data of the physicochemical parameters, TLC spots, and phytochemical compounds of root, they could be used as references standards for manufacturing units of root larvicidal and antidiabetic drugs.
本研究旨在调查（林奈）根的物理化学活性以及植物化学物质的杀虫活性（乙酸乙酯和甲醇提取物）和抗糖尿病活性（乙醇提取物）。物理化学性质采用美国官方分析化学家协会的方法进行测定；薄层色谱法按照施塔尔方法进行。针对致倦库蚊幼虫的三龄幼虫研究了杀幼虫活性和半数致死剂量（LD），以检测和提取毒性。对根的乙醇提取物以200mg/kg的剂量进行口服试验，以观察其对正常大鼠诱导性高血糖的降血糖作用，并在乙醇提取物中进行评估，同时与糖尿病对照组和标准格列本脲（10mg/kg）进行比较。物理化学参数显示，无氮提取物含量较高（69.6%），粗纤维素含量为14.5%，粗蛋白含量为8.15%，乙醚提取物含量为3.75%，灰分和水分含量均为2%，其中钾含量较高（43mg/l），其次是磷（28.5mg/l）、钙（15mg/l）、钠（3.65mg/l）和镁（0.145mg/l）。在这部分研究中，植物化学化合物显示出大量的生物碱、三萜、黄酮类、单宁、糖类，以及少量的蒽醌苷。薄层色谱（TLC）研究了不同颜色的植物化学物质，其具有不同的比移值（Rf）。所有斑点在紫外光下均显色，但有些在喷洒后局部无色。乙酸乙酯（EtAc）提取物显示出8个斑点，甲醇（MeOH）提取物显示出13个斑点。杀幼虫活性表明，乙酸乙酯提取物对蚊幼虫安全，LD值为1412.54（P<0.05），甲醇提取物对蚊幼虫具有中等杀幼虫活性，LD值为257.54（P<0.05），而（L.）的乙醇提取物与对照组相比具有良好的降血糖活性，分别显著降低了[53.15%、32.87%和20.94%]，与标准格列本脲效果相当。基于（植物名称未完整给出）根的物理化学参数、TLC斑点和植物化学化合物的各种数据，它们可作为（植物名称未完整给出）根杀幼虫和抗糖尿病药物生产单位的参考标准。
