Trbovich Michelle B, Handrakis John P, Kumar Nina S, Price Mike J
Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, UT Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA.
Spinal cord injury center, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, TX, USA.
Temperature (Austin). 2019 Jun 27;7(2):114-128. doi: 10.1080/23328940.2019.1631730.
Environmental heat stress can negatively impact health, work capacity, and athletic performance and potentially to lead to life-threatening consequences if not mitigated. With the upcoming Toyko Olympic games to be held during anticipated warm ambient temperatures (up to 29°C), and with spectators potentially spending long durations of time outdoors, certain populations of persons with impaired thermoregulatory capacity will be at higher risk of heat-related illness from passive heat stress. Persons with spinal cord injury (SCI) are one of these groups as a result of a decentralized sympathetic nervous system, which leaves them with impairment in convective and evaporative cooling via vasodilation and sweating, respectively. This review summarizes (1) thermoregulatory physiological responses of persons with SCI under passive heat stress: the effect of level and completeness of injury; (2) the impact of passive heat stress on quality of life (QOL), outdoor participation, behavioral thermoregulation, and cognition; (3) recommendations and education for clinicians providing health care for persons with SCI; and (4) suggestions of future directions for exploring the gaps in the literature on passive heat stress in persons with SCI. This article aims to equip consumers with SCI and health-care professionals with the most up-to-date knowledge on passive heat stress responses in persons with SCI, so that their attendance at the Olympic games can be done with maximal safety and enjoyment.
环境热应激会对健康、工作能力和运动表现产生负面影响，如果不加以缓解，还可能导致危及生命的后果。即将在预期的温暖环境温度（高达29°C）下举行的东京奥运会，以及观众可能会长时间在户外，某些体温调节能力受损的人群将因被动热应激而面临更高的中暑风险。脊髓损伤（SCI）患者就是其中一类人群，因为他们的交感神经系统分散，导致他们分别通过血管舒张和出汗进行对流散热和蒸发散热的能力受损。本综述总结了：（1）被动热应激下脊髓损伤患者的体温调节生理反应：损伤水平和完整性的影响；（2）被动热应激对生活质量（QOL）、户外参与、行为体温调节和认知的影响；（3）为脊髓损伤患者提供医疗保健的临床医生的建议和教育；（4）探索脊髓损伤患者被动热应激文献空白的未来方向建议。本文旨在为脊髓损伤患者和医疗保健专业人员提供关于脊髓损伤患者被动热应激反应的最新知识，以便他们能够在最大程度的安全和愉悦中参加奥运会。
