Zaki Zaki I, El-Sadek Mohamed H, Ali Heba H, Ahmed Hesham
Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia.
Pyrometallurgy Department, Minerals Technology Division, Central Metallurgical R&D Institute (CMRDI), P.O Box 87, Cairo 11865, Egypt.
Materials (Basel). 2020 Oct 2;13(19):4408. doi: 10.3390/ma13194408.
Vanadium carbide is known, for its hardness and other unique properties, as a refractory material. The synthesis of vanadium carbide is always associated with the utilization of expensive active metals, such as aluminum, calcium and magnesium, as a reducing agent to extract the vanadium metal from its corresponding oxide, followed by carbidization. The carbidization of reduced vanadium requires a complicated process and elevated temperature. Mechanical activation to synthesize vanadium carbide from its corresponding oxide and carbon source represents a promising, straightforward and less energy-intensive route. In the present study, vanadium carbide is synthesized by the carbothermic reduction of a mechanically activated mixture of VO and carbon black as reducing agents without any additives. The reduction process is monitored by means of thermogravimetric analysis. The reduction products are characterized by X-ray diffraction and field emission scanning electron microscope. It is found that VC with an average crystallite size of 88 nm can be synthesized from a VO-C mixture after milling for 15 h and further heating at 1050 °C for 1 h in an inert atmosphere.
碳化钒因其硬度和其他独特性能而被视为一种耐火材料。碳化钒的合成总是与使用昂贵的活性金属（如铝、钙和镁）作为还原剂相关联，以便从相应的氧化物中提取钒金属，随后进行碳化。还原钒的碳化过程需要复杂的工艺和高温。通过机械活化由相应的氧化物和碳源合成碳化钒是一条有前景、直接且能耗较低的途径。在本研究中，通过碳热还原机械活化的VO和炭黑混合物作为还原剂来合成碳化钒，且不添加任何添加剂。通过热重分析监测还原过程。用X射线衍射和场发射扫描电子显微镜对还原产物进行表征。结果发现，在惰性气氛中研磨15小时并在1050℃进一步加热1小时后，可从VO - C混合物中合成平均微晶尺寸为88nm的VC。
