Department of Community Healthcare and Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsuruma-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan.
Liberal Arts and Sciences, Faculty of Engineering, Toyama Prefectural University, Toyama, Japan.
Eur Geriatr Med. 2021 Feb;12(1):99-106. doi: 10.1007/s41999-020-00410-2. Epub 2020 Oct 7.
This study addressed a two-part question. First, is cognitive decline associated with fear of falling (FoF)? Second, if this association is observed, is there also an association between FoF and physical activity (PA) independent of cognitive decline?
Participants in the study were community-dwelling Japanese residents between 65 and 85 years of age (N = 458, mean age = 72.4 ± 4.6, male = 53.7%). Step counts were recorded, as was objectively measured PA, divided into (1) low-intensity PA and (2) moderate- and vigorous-intensity PA. Three groups were determined based on FoF: low, moderate, and high. Neuropsychological tests were also conducted.
Participants with high FoF had slower processing speed. low-intensity PA was associated with only high FoF, but after controlling for processing speed, the significance of this association was attenuated. Shorter time of moderate- and vigorous-intensity PA was associated with high FoF, even in the full model controlling for other factors. All FoF levels were associated with lower step counts.
older community-dwelling adults with high FoF were found to have had declined cognitive speed/ Second, both moderate and high FoF were associated with moderate- and vigorous-intensity PA and step counts in older community-dwelling adults, with the high FoF group performing shorter time of moderate- and vigorous-intensity PA and fewer steps.
本研究旨在解决两个问题。首先，认知能力下降是否与跌倒恐惧（FoF）有关？其次，如果观察到这种关联，那么 FoF 是否与认知能力下降无关的身体活动（PA）之间也存在关联？
研究参与者为年龄在 65 至 85 岁之间的社区居住的日本居民（N=458，平均年龄 72.4±4.6，男性 53.7%）。记录步数，同时记录客观测量的 PA，分为（1）低强度 PA 和（2）中高强度 PA。根据 FoF 将参与者分为三组：低、中、高。还进行了神经心理学测试。
有高 FoF 的参与者处理速度较慢。低强度 PA 仅与高 FoF 相关，但在控制处理速度后，这种关联的显著性降低。中高强度 PA 的时间较短与高 FoF 相关，即使在控制其他因素的全模型中也是如此。所有 FoF 水平与较低的步数相关。
研究发现，患有高 FoF 的年龄较大的社区居住成年人认知速度下降。其次，中高强度 PA 和 FoF 水平与年龄较大的社区居住成年人的中高强度 PA 和步数相关，FoF 水平较高的组进行的中高强度 PA 时间较短，步数较少。
