Serum anti-Müllerian hormone levels are associated with low bone mineral density in premenopausal women.

OBJECTIVE

To investigate the associations between anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) and bone mineral density (BMD) induced by ovarian insufficiency in premenopausal women.

METHODS

Subjects were consecutively enrolled from January 2015 to December 2018. Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) examination was set as the gold standard, with T-scores less than -2.5/1 as thresholds for the definition of osteoporosis (OP)/osteopenia.

RESULTS

A total of 87 subjects were included in the low BMD group, and 39 subjects were included in the control group. Serum AMH levels were decreased significantly in the low BMD group ( < 0.05) with a negative correlation between AMH and age. Strong positive correlations between AMH and BMD/T-score existed in all subjects and subjects with low BMD, and remained even after age adjustment. An exploratory multivariate regression model indicated that age and AMH remained predictive and might be independent risk factors with adjusted odds ratios (ORs) of 0.9 ( = 0.009) and 36 ( < 0.001), respectively. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis estimated that the sensitivity and specificity were 78.2 and 76.9%, respectively, for identifying low BMD subjects from controls when the cut-off value for AMH was set to 0.800 ng/mL.

CONCLUSIONS

Serum AMH levels are associated with low BMD in premenopausal women with suspected ovarian insufficiency.