González-Acuña Daniel, Llanos-Soto Sebastián, Oyarzún-Ruiz Pablo, Kinsella John Mike, Barrientos Carlos, Thomas Richard, Cicchino Armando, Moreno Lucila
Laboratorio de Parásitos y Enfermedades de Fauna Silvestre, Departamento de Ciencia Animal, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad de Concepción, Chillán, Chile.
Laboratorio de Vida Silvestre, Departamento de Ciencia Animal, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad de Concepción, Chillán, Chile.
Rev Bras Parasitol Vet. 2020 Sep 28;29(3):e003920. doi: 10.1590/S1984-29612020049. eCollection 2020.
The Neotropic cormorant Nannopterum (Phalacrocorax) brasilianus (Suliformes: Phalacrocoracidae) is widely distributed in Central and South America. In Chile, information about parasites for this species is limited to helminths and nematodes, and little is known about other parasite groups. This study documents the parasitic fauna present in 80 Neotropic cormorants' carcasses collected from 2001 to 2008 in Antofagasta, Biobío, and Ñuble regions. Birds were externally inspected for ectoparasites and necropsies were performed to examine digestive and respiratory organs in search of endoparasites. Ectoparasites collected were cleared and mounted for identification under a microscope. Fecal samples were also evaluated to determine the presence of protozoan parasites employing a flotation technique. A total of 44 (42.5%) of birds were infested with at least one ectoparasite species, while 77 (96.25%) were carrying endoparasites. No protozoan forms were found after examination. Most prevalent endoparasite species found were Contracaecum rudolphii s. l. (72/80, 90%), followed by Pectinopygus gyroceras (33/80, 41.25%), and Profilicollis altmani (26/80, 32.5%). This is the first report of P. altmani, Baruscapillaria carbonis, Avioserpens sp., Cyathostoma (Cyathostoma) phenisci, and Eidmaniella pelucida in the Neotropic cormorant. These findings also expand the distributional range of Andracantha phalacrocoracis, Paradilepis caballeroi, Hysteromorpha triloba, and P. gyroceras to Chile.
新热带鸬鹚（Nannopterum (Phalacrocorax) brasilianus）（鹈形目：鸬鹚科）广泛分布于中美洲和南美洲。在智利，关于该物种寄生虫的信息仅限于蠕虫和线虫，对其他寄生虫类群了解甚少。本研究记录了2001年至2008年在安托法加斯塔、比奥比奥和纽夫莱地区收集的80只新热带鸬鹚尸体中的寄生虫动物群。对鸟类进行外部检查以寻找体外寄生虫，并进行尸检以检查消化和呼吸器官以寻找体内寄生虫。收集的体外寄生虫进行清理并装片以便在显微镜下鉴定。还对粪便样本进行评估，采用浮选技术确定原生动物寄生虫的存在。共有44只（42.5%）鸟类感染了至少一种体外寄生虫物种，而77只（96.25%）携带体内寄生虫。检查后未发现原生动物形态。发现的最常见体内寄生虫物种是鲁道夫对盲囊线虫（Contracaecum rudolphii s. l.）（72/80，90%），其次是陀螺栉形吸虫（Pectinopygus gyroceras）（33/80，41.25%）和阿尔特曼前殖吸虫（Profilicollis altmani）（26/80，32.5%）。这是阿尔特曼前殖吸虫、卡氏棒毛细线虫（Baruscapillaria carbonis）、鸟蛇属（Avioserpens sp.）、菲氏杯口线虫（Cyathostoma (Cyathostoma) phenisci）和透明艾氏吸虫（Eidmaniella pelucida）在新热带鸬鹚中的首次报告。这些发现还将鸬鹚棘刺螨（Andracantha phalacrocoracis）、卡氏副裂体吸虫（Paradilepis caballeroi）、三叶异形吸虫（Hysteromorpha triloba）和陀螺栉形吸虫的分布范围扩展到了智利。
