Division of Immunohematology and Transfusion Medicine, Cardarelli Hospital, Naples, Italy.
IRCCS Foundation SDN, Naples, Italy.
Growth Factors. 2020 Jan;38(1):35-63. doi: 10.1080/08977194.2020.1825410. Epub 2020 Oct 7.
Novel advances for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) include regenerative approaches for fibrosis, hypertrophy, and neoangiogenesis. Studies indicate that growth factor (GF) signaling could promote heart repair since most of the evidence is derived from preclinical models. Observational studies have evaluated GF serum/plasma levels as feasible biomarkers for risk stratification of CVDs. Noteworthy, two clinical interventional published studies showed that the administration of growth factors (GFs) induced beneficial effect on left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), myocardial perfusion, end-systolic volume index (ESVI). To date, large scale ongoing studies are in Phase I-II and mostly focussed on intramyocardial (IM), intracoronary (IC) or intravenous (IV) administration of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF-23) which result in the most investigated GFs in the last 10 years. Future data of ongoing randomized controlled studies will be crucial in understanding whether GF-based protocols could be in a concrete way effective in the clinical setting.
心血管疾病（CVDs）的新进展包括纤维化、肥大和新生血管形成的再生方法。研究表明，生长因子（GF）信号可能促进心脏修复，因为大多数证据来自临床前模型。观察性研究已经评估了 GF 血清/血浆水平作为 CVDs 风险分层的可行生物标志物。值得注意的是，两项已发表的临床干预研究表明，生长因子（GFs）的给药对左心室射血分数（LVEF）、心肌灌注、收缩末期容积指数（ESVI）有有益的影响。迄今为止，正在进行的大型研究处于 I 期和 II 期，主要集中在心肌内（IM）、冠状动脉内（IC）或静脉内（IV）给予血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）和成纤维细胞生长因子-23（FGF-23），这导致了过去 10 年中研究最多的 GFs。正在进行的随机对照研究的未来数据对于理解基于 GF 的方案是否可以在临床环境中切实有效至关重要。
