LaFranchi S
Pediatr Clin North Am. 1987 Aug;34(4):961-82. doi: 10.1016/s0031-3955(16)36297-6.
Hypoglycemia of infancy and childhood represents a treatable cause of mental retardation and seizures. Most neonates with hypoglycemia have transient disorders, but with persistent hypoglycemia one must consider hyperinsulinism, hypopituitarism, or hereditary hepatic enzyme deficiencies. Outside of the neonatal period, ketotic hypoglycemia is the most common cause of hypoglycemia in childhood. One cannot overemphasize the value of obtaining certain diagnostic tests at the presentation of spontaneous hypoglycemia, including blood for insulin, cortisol, growth hormone, and urine for ketone bodies. Supportive treatment with intravenous glucose to maintain the blood glucose greater than 50 mg/dl is important until a diagnosis is established allowing specific therapy aimed at the underlying disorder.
婴儿期和儿童期低血糖是导致智力发育迟缓及癫痫发作的一个可治疗病因。多数低血糖新生儿患有短暂性疾病，但对于持续性低血糖，必须考虑高胰岛素血症、垂体功能减退或遗传性肝酶缺乏症。在新生儿期之外，酮症性低血糖是儿童期低血糖最常见的病因。对于自发性低血糖发作时进行某些诊断性检查的价值，怎么强调都不为过，这些检查包括检测血胰岛素、皮质醇、生长激素以及尿酮体。在确诊并开展针对潜在疾病的特异性治疗之前，通过静脉输注葡萄糖进行支持治疗以维持血糖水平高于50mg/dl很重要。
