Hunan Institute of Economic Geography, Hunan University of Finance and Economics, 410000, Changsha, People's Republic of China.
College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, 410128, Changsha, People's Republic of China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2021 Feb;28(6):7271-7280. doi: 10.1007/s11356-020-11053-y. Epub 2020 Oct 7.
Calcium (Ca) and silicon (Si) have been found to reduce inorganic pollutant accumulation by agricultural plants. Arsenic (As) and cadmium (Cd) are the most common and dangerous inorganic pollutants in cultivated soil that often present simultaneously. Due to difference in chemical properties of As and Cd, concurrent minimizing their uptake poses a problem. The effect of two types of Si fertilizers and Si-treated metallurgical slag applied with or without limestone or gypsum on the As and Cd accumulation by rice was investigated in medium-polluted paddy soils in field test. Application of Ca- and Si-rich substances reduced the grain As by 16 to 68% and the grain Cd by 30 to 56% with increasing yield by 16.6 to 31.0%. The root-to-grain transport of As and Cd depended on the plant-available Si supply in the soil. Soil-applied Si resulted in diminished As and Cd translocation inside plant tissue and decreased the pollutant mobility in the soil. The combination of Ca- and Si-rich substances reinforced the reduction in both the pollutant mobility in soil and accumulation by rice grain. Silicon-rich materials mainly impacted both As and Cd translocation into the grain, whereas Ca-rich substances demonstrated a more remarkable effect on the pollutant mobility in the soil. Limestone showed a higher decrease in the mobility of Cd, while gypsum was more efficient in the case of As. Thus, for minimizing pollutant accumulation by rice grain, the combination of Si fertilizer with limestone or gypsum could be recommended in the co-contaminated soil with prevailing Cd or As, respectively.
钙（Ca）和硅（Si）已被发现可减少农作物对无机污染物的积累。砷（As）和镉（Cd）是农田中最常见和最危险的无机污染物，它们经常同时存在。由于 As 和 Cd 的化学性质不同，同时减少它们的吸收是一个问题。在中度污染的稻田中，通过田间试验研究了两种类型的硅肥和经硅处理的冶金渣与是否施用石灰石或石膏一起应用对水稻吸收 As 和 Cd 的影响。施用富含 Ca 和 Si 的物质可将稻谷中的 As 降低 16%至 68%，将 Cd 降低 30%至 56%，同时产量提高 16.6%至 31.0%。As 和 Cd 的根-粒转运取决于土壤中植物可用 Si 的供应。施入土壤中的 Si 导致 As 和 Cd 在植物组织内的迁移减少，降低了土壤中污染物的移动性。富 Ca 和 Si 物质的结合增强了土壤中污染物移动性和水稻籽粒积累的减少。富含 Si 的材料主要影响 As 和 Cd 向籽粒的转运，而富含 Ca 的物质对土壤中污染物的移动性表现出更显著的影响。石灰石降低 Cd 移动性的效果更高，而石膏在 As 的情况下更为有效。因此，为了最大限度地减少水稻籽粒对污染物的积累，在同时存在 Cd 或 As 的污染土壤中，建议将硅肥与石灰石或石膏结合使用。
