Universitäre Psychiatrische Kliniken (UPK) Basel, Wilhelm Klein-Str. 27, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland,
Psychiatr Danub. 2020 Oct;32(Suppl 3):343-345.
Early neglect and abuse are a major societal problem, with negative consequences for the victim. There is clear evidence that early neglect and abuse are related to an increased prevalence of mental health problems. On the other hand there are children that show resilience towards negative influences in early childhood. In this paper I will describe results of empirical studies that reveal the negative consequences of adverse childhood experiences (ACE) as well as studies on resilience.
Studies relevant for the topic are reviewed.
In many individuals adverse childhood experiences lead to impaired functioning of neural structures that increase the risk for later psychopathology and maldaptive functioning. However, according to one of the major principles of developmental psychopathology we see multifinality of outcome as some individuals show signs of resilience.
Efforts to prevent adverse influences on children early in life are urgently needed to prevent long-lasting negative consequences that go along with subjective suffering and enormous societal costs. More research is needed to understand the mechanisms of vulnerability and resilience.
早期忽视和虐待是一个重大的社会问题，会对受害者造成负面影响。有明确的证据表明，早期忽视和虐待与心理健康问题的高发有关。另一方面，有些儿童在童年早期能够抵御负面影响。本文将描述一些实证研究的结果，这些研究揭示了不良童年经历（ACE）的负面影响，以及关于适应力的研究。
回顾了与该主题相关的研究。
在许多人身上，不良的童年经历导致神经结构的功能受损，增加了日后出现精神病理学和适应不良的风险。然而，根据发展心理病理学的一个主要原则，我们看到了结果的多效性，因为有些个体表现出了适应力的迹象。
迫切需要努力防止儿童在生命早期受到不良影响，以预防伴随主观痛苦和巨大社会成本的持久负面影响。需要进一步研究来了解易损性和适应力的机制。
