Wang Hao-Nan, Huang Yong-Can, Ni Guo-Xin
School of Sport Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China.
Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of Orthopaedic Regenerative Technologies, Department of Spine Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, Guangdong Province, China.
World J Stem Cells. 2020 Sep 26;12(9):952-965. doi: 10.4252/wjsc.v12.i9.952.
Tendon is a mechanosensitive tissue that transmits force from muscle to bone. Physiological loading contributes to maintaining the homeostasis and adaptation of tendon, but aberrant loading may lead to injury or failed repair. It is shown that stem cells respond to mechanical loading and play an essential role in both acute and chronic injuries, as well as in tendon repair. In the process of mechanotransduction, mechanical loading is detected by mechanosensors that regulate cell differentiation and proliferation several signaling pathways. In order to better understand the stem-cell response to mechanical stimulation and the potential mechanism of the tendon repair process, in this review, we summarize the source and role of endogenous and exogenous stem cells active in tendon repair, describe the mechanical response of stem cells, and finally, highlight the mechanotransduction process and underlying signaling pathways.
肌腱是一种机械敏感组织，它将力量从肌肉传递到骨骼。生理负荷有助于维持肌腱的稳态和适应性，但异常负荷可能导致损伤或修复失败。研究表明，干细胞对机械负荷有反应，在急性和慢性损伤以及肌腱修复中都起着至关重要的作用。在机械转导过程中，机械负荷由机械传感器检测，这些传感器通过多种信号通路调节细胞分化和增殖。为了更好地理解干细胞对机械刺激的反应以及肌腱修复过程的潜在机制，在本综述中，我们总结了在肌腱修复中活跃的内源性和外源性干细胞的来源和作用，描述了干细胞的机械反应，最后，突出了机械转导过程和潜在的信号通路。
