Pediatr Ann. 2020 Oct 1;49(10):e431-e435. doi: 10.3928/19382359-20200922-03.
Psychotropic medications are an essential component of treating pediatric mental health disorders, and pediatricians are increasingly likely to prescribe them. Commonly used psychotropic medications include stimulants and nonstimulants used in the treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD); antidepressants used in the treatment of anxiety and depression; and antipsychotics indicated for use in autism, schizophrenia, mood disorders, severe impulsivity, and aggression. Stimulants are commonly associated with appetite suppression and initial insomnia and nonstimulants for ADHD are associated with sedation. Antidepressants are generally well tolerated; adverse effects include behavioral activation early in treatment and, rarely, treatment-emergent mania and suicidal ideation. Potential adverse effects of atypical antipsychotics include weight gain and metabolic syndrome. Monitoring strategies are reviewed. [Pediatr Ann. 2020;49(10):e431-e435.].
精神类药物是治疗儿童精神健康障碍的重要组成部分，儿科医生越来越倾向于开这类药物。常用的精神类药物包括用于治疗注意力缺陷/多动障碍（ADHD）的兴奋剂和非兴奋剂；用于治疗焦虑和抑郁的抗抑郁药；以及用于自闭症、精神分裂症、情绪障碍、严重冲动和攻击性的抗精神病药。兴奋剂通常与食欲抑制和初始失眠有关，而 ADHD 的非兴奋剂则与镇静作用有关。抗抑郁药通常耐受性良好；不良反应包括治疗早期的行为激活，以及罕见的治疗性躁狂和自杀意念。非典型抗精神病药的潜在不良反应包括体重增加和代谢综合征。本文回顾了监测策略。[儿科学报。2020;49(10):e431-e435.]。
