Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Health Sciences, Bursa Yuksek Ihtisas Training and Research Hospital, Bursa, Turkey.
Department of Urology, University of Health Sciences, Bursa Yuksek Ihtisas Training and Research Hospital, Bursa, Turkey.
Urologia. 2021 May;88(2):103-109. doi: 10.1177/0391560320960003. Epub 2020 Oct 10.
Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are sulfated, negatively charged polysaccharides produced in almost every cell of the human body. As GAGs are extracellularly localized, the changes in body fluids such as blood and urine may reflect pathological changes in the urinary system as observed in other pathologies. In this review, we determined the potential of urinary and/or serum GAG levels as a marker for kidney and urothelial system diseases. We performed a search in the PubMed, MEDLINE, and ScienceDirect databases until September 30, 2019. A number of studies reported changes in the urinary and/or plasma GAG levels or composition in urological diseases and conditions, such as renal cell carcinoma, kidney stone, bladder carcinoma, and overactive bladder. GAGs were found to have a predictive biomarker potential that could be limited by generalizability concerns.
糖胺聚糖（GAGs）是一种带负电荷的多糖，几乎存在于人体的每一个细胞中，且均经过硫酸化修饰。由于 GAGs 定位于细胞外，因此体液（如血液和尿液）中的变化可能反映出泌尿系统的病变，就像在其他疾病中观察到的那样。在本综述中，我们确定了尿液和/或血清 GAG 水平作为肾脏和尿路上皮系统疾病标志物的潜力。我们在 PubMed、MEDLINE 和 ScienceDirect 数据库中进行了检索，检索时间截至 2019 年 9 月 30 日。多项研究报告了尿 GAG 水平和/或组成在泌尿系统疾病和病症（如肾细胞癌、肾结石、膀胱癌和膀胱过度活动症）中的变化。GAGs 具有预测生物标志物的潜力，但可能受到普遍性问题的限制。
