Hydroxylated Ethacrylic and Tiglic Acid Derivatives from the Stems and Branches of and Their Potential Anti-inflammatory Activities.

Two new hydroxylated ethacrylic acid derivatives (compounds and ) and 11 new hydroxylated tiglic acid derivatives (compounds -), together with one known compound (compound ), were isolated from the stems and branches of . Their structures were established by extensive spectroscopic analyses, while their absolute configurations were determined by X-ray crystallographic methods (compounds and ), Mo(OAc)-induced electronic circular dichroism experiments (compounds and ), and chemical methods (compounds -). This study is the first investigation on the secondary metabolites of this species. The anti-inflammatory activities of all isolated compounds were evaluated in an LPS-induced mouse peritoneal macrophage model. Notably, compounds and both exerted potent inhibitory effects on NO production with IC values of 2.9 and 1.2 μM, respectively.