State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui 230026, PR China.
State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui 230026, PR China.
J Hazard Mater. 2021 Feb 15;404(Pt A):124106. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124106. Epub 2020 Oct 2.
Recently, black phosphorous (BP) nanosheets as an emerging nanomaterial have presented significant fire safety improvement in polymer nanocomposites. However, as elemental phosphorus, fire safety improvement effect of BP nanosheets on polymer composites builds on the conversion of gaseous pyrolysis products into smoke particles, which inevitably promotes the formation and release of smoke particles. From the perspective of overall fire safety improvement, it is vital to simultaneously suppress the heat release and smoke production of polymer/BP composites. Herein, melamine-mediated graphene/black phosphorous nanohybrids (GNS/MA/BP) were fabricated through electrostatic-driving self-assembly process and introduced into polyether thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU). During combustion, the barrier function provided by thermally stable layered structure of graphene (GNS) enables more pyrolysis products of BP nanosheets to be kept within condensed phase and react with polymer matrix. Compared to pure TPU, the incorporated hierarchical nanostructure (GNS/MA/BP-2) decreases PHRR, THR, and total CO release of TPU composite by 54.7%, 23.5%, and 32.5%, respectively. Beside, in contrast to TPU-BP composite, the release rate of toxic smoke and CO gas of TPU-GNS/MA/BP-2 composite are reduced by 46.7% and 49.4%. With barrier function of graphene, the heat and smoke release behavior of polymer/BP nanocomposites is effectively suppressed.
最近，黑磷（BP）纳米片作为一种新兴的纳米材料，在聚合物纳米复合材料中表现出了显著的防火安全改善效果。然而，作为磷元素，BP 纳米片对聚合物复合材料防火安全改善效果的基础是将气态热解产物转化为烟雾颗粒，这不可避免地促进了烟雾颗粒的形成和释放。从整体防火安全改善的角度来看，同时抑制聚合物/BP 复合材料的热释放和烟雾产生至关重要。在此，通过静电驱动自组装过程制备了三聚氰胺介导的石墨烯/黑磷纳米杂化物（GNS/MA/BP），并将其引入到聚醚型热塑性聚氨酯（TPU）中。在燃烧过程中，石墨烯（GNS）的热稳定层状结构提供的阻挡功能使更多的 BP 纳米片热解产物保留在凝聚相中并与聚合物基体反应。与纯 TPU 相比，加入的分级纳米结构（GNS/MA/BP-2）使 TPU 复合材料的 PHRR、THR 和总 CO 释放量分别降低了 54.7%、23.5%和 32.5%。此外，与 TPU-BP 复合材料相比，TPU-GNS/MA/BP-2 复合材料的有毒烟雾和 CO 气体释放速率分别降低了 46.7%和 49.4%。由于石墨烯的阻挡功能，聚合物/BP 纳米复合材料的热释放和烟雾释放行为得到了有效抑制。
