Carpentier Manon, Perpiñá Martínez Sara, De Man Alain, Pierrakos Charalampos, Isenborgh Stefaan, De Bels David, Honore Patrick M, Salem Walid, Redant Sebastien
Department of Physiotherapy, Pontifical University of Salamanca, Campus Madrid, Spain.
Intensive Care Department, Brugmann University Hospital, Free University of Brussels French Part (Université Libre de Bruxelles, ULB), Brussels, Belgium.
J Transl Int Med. 2020 Sep 25;8(3):188-194. doi: 10.2478/jtim-2020-0028. eCollection 2020 Sep.
Running has gone from a vital necessity for the man to a playful sport. Different rheumatic and orthopedic pathologies have appeared, in front of which the shoe industry has reacted by creating reinforced shoes that are supposed to overcome the induced lesions. Several years later, the trend toward reinforcement has gone toward minimalism, which is the absence of reinforcement, that is, a more natural race.
We observed variations of kinetics and kinematics in young, unprofessional, healthy runners during a shoe race and a shoeless race, which is the form of maximum minimalism. We then correlated minimalism variations with the variables of the race and the joint angles.
We observed significant difference ( < 0.01) in the cycle rate, the cycle length, the step rate, and the angle of attack between running with and without shoes. A small variation of the minimalism index is associated with an increase in knee angle ( > 0.5). Conversely, a large variation in the minimalism index is related to a decrease in the knee angle ( > 0.5). The minimalism index has no impact on the angulation of the ankle and hip ( < 0.3).
Slow transition will bring gains in terms of decreasing the length of the stride, which limits the load on the shin. Greater flexibility can be achieved by decreasing the flexion angle of the knee, which decreases the demand for quadriceps muscles and the risk of knee injury with a greater risk of injury at the tibial level.
跑步已从人类的一项至关重要的必需活动转变为一项趣味性运动。出现了不同的风湿性和骨科病症，面对这些病症，制鞋行业通过制造强化鞋来应对，这些强化鞋被认为能够克服由此引发的损伤。几年后，强化的趋势转向了极简主义，即没有强化，也就是一种更自然的跑步方式。
我们观察了年轻、非专业、健康的跑步者在穿鞋跑步和不穿鞋跑步（这是最大程度极简主义的形式）过程中的动力学和运动学变化。然后我们将极简主义变化与跑步变量和关节角度相关联。
我们观察到穿鞋跑步和不穿鞋跑步之间在周期率、周期长度、步频和攻角方面存在显著差异（<0.01）。极简主义指数的小变化与膝关节角度增加（>0.5）相关。相反，极简主义指数的大变化与膝关节角度减小（>0.5）相关。极简主义指数对踝关节和髋关节的角度没有影响（<0.3）。
缓慢过渡将在减少步幅长度方面带来益处，这限制了胫骨的负荷。通过减小膝关节的屈曲角度可以实现更大的灵活性，这减少了股四头肌的需求以及膝关节受伤的风险，同时增加了胫骨水平受伤的风险。
