Maselli Andrea, Franchini Nicola, Gualtieri Leonardo, Sotiriou Thomas P
Dipartimento di Fisica, "Sapienza" Università di Roma & Sezione INFN Roma1, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy.
SISSA, Via Bonomea 265, 34136 Trieste, Italy and INFN Sezione di Trieste, via Valerio 2, 34127 Trieste, Italy.
Phys Rev Lett. 2020 Oct 2;125(14):141101. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.125.141101.
We study extreme mass ratio inspirals (EMRIs), during which a small body spirals into a supermassive black hole, in gravity theories with additional scalar fields. We first argue that no-hair theorems and the properties of known theories that manage to circumvent them introduce a drastic simplification to the problem: the effects of the scalar on supermassive black holes, if any, are mostly negligible for EMRIs in vast classes of theories. We then exploit this simplification to model the inspiral perturbatively and we demonstrate that the scalar charge of the small body leaves a significant imprint on gravitational wave emission. Although much higher precision is needed for waveform modeling, our results strongly suggest that this imprint is observable with Laser Interferometer Space Antenna, rendering EMRIs promising probes of scalar fields.
我们研究在具有额外标量场的引力理论中，小质量物体螺旋落入超大质量黑洞的极端质量比旋进（EMRIs）过程。我们首先论证，无毛定理以及设法规避这些定理的已知理论的性质，使该问题得到极大简化：在大量理论类别中，对于EMRIs而言，标量对超大质量黑洞的影响（若有）大多可忽略不计。然后，我们利用这种简化对旋进进行微扰建模，并证明小物体的标量荷在引力波辐射上留下了显著印记。尽管波形建模需要更高的精度，但我们的结果强烈表明，这种印记可被激光干涉空间天线观测到，这使得EMRIs成为探测标量场的有前景的手段。
