Department of Health & Exercise Science, Appalachian State University, Boone, North Carolina.
Department of Physical Therapy Education, Elon University School of Health Sciences, Elon, North Carolina.
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2020 Dec 1;319(6):H1369-H1379. doi: 10.1152/ajpheart.00605.2020. Epub 2020 Oct 16.
Formaldehyde (FA) is a common, volatile organic compound used in organic preservation with known health effects of eye, nose, and throat irritation linked to oxidative stress and inflammation. Indeed, long-term FA exposure may provoke skin disorders, cancer, and cardiovascular disease. However, the effects of short-term FA exposure on the vasculature have yet to be investigated. We sought to investigate the impact of an acute FA exposure on ) macrovascular function in the arm (brachial artery flow-mediated dilation, FMD), ) microvascular function in the arm (brachial artery reactive hyperemia, RH) and leg (common femoral artery, supine passive limb movement, PLM), and ) circulating markers of oxidative stress (xanthine oxidase, XO; protein carbonyl, PC; and malondialdehyde, MDA) and inflammation (C-reactive protein, CRP). Ten ( = 10) healthy females (23 ± 1 yr) were studied before and immediately after a 90-min FA exposure [(FA): 197 ± 79 ppb] in cadaver dissection laboratories. Brachial artery FMD% decreased following FA exposure (Pre-FA Exp: 9.41 ± 4.21%, Post-FA Exp: 6.74 ± 2.57%; = 0.043), and FMD/shear decreased following FA exposure (Pre-FA Exp: 0.13 ± 0.07 AU, Post-FA Exp: 0.07 ± 0.03 AU; = 0.016). The area under the curve for brachial artery RH (Pre-FA Exp: 481 ± 191 ml, Post-FA Exp: 499 ± 165 ml) and common femoral artery PLM (Pre-FA Exp: 139 ± 95 ml, Post-FA Exp: 129 ± 64 ml) were unchanged by FA exposure ( > 0.05). Circulating MDA increased (Pre-FA Exp: 4.8 ± 1.3 µM, Post-FA Exp: 6.3 ± 2.2 µM; = 0.047) while XO, PC, and CRP were unchanged by FA exposure ( > 0.05). These initial data suggest a short FA exposure can adversely alter vascular function and oxidative stress, influencing cardiovascular health. This study was the first to investigate the implications of acute formaldehyde (FA) exposure on adult female vascular function in the arms and legs. The main findings of this study were a decrease in conduit vessel function without any alteration to microvascular function following a 90-min FA exposure. Additionally, the oxidative stress marker malondialdehyde increased after FA exposure. Taken together, these results suggest acute FA exposure have deleterious implications for the vasculature and redox balance.Listen to this article's corresponding podcast at https://ajpheart.podbean.com/e/formaldehyde-exposure-decreases-vascular-function/.
甲醛（FA）是一种常用的挥发性有机化合物，用于有机保存，已知其健康影响包括眼、鼻和喉刺激，与氧化应激和炎症有关。事实上，长期接触 FA 可能会引发皮肤疾病、癌症和心血管疾病。然而，FA 短期暴露对血管的影响尚未得到研究。我们旨在研究急性 FA 暴露对以下方面的影响：手臂的大血管功能（肱动脉血流介导的扩张，FMD）、手臂和腿部的微血管功能（肱动脉反应性充血，RH 和股总动脉，仰卧被动肢体运动，PLM）以及循环氧化应激标志物（黄嘌呤氧化酶，XO；蛋白羰基，PC；和丙二醛，MDA）和炎症（C 反应蛋白，CRP）。10 名（n=10）健康女性（23±1 岁）在尸体解剖实验室中接受了 90 分钟的 FA 暴露[（FA）：197±79 ppb]前后进行了研究。肱动脉 FMD%在 FA 暴露后下降（Pre-FA Exp：9.41±4.21%，Post-FA Exp：6.74±2.57%； = 0.043），FMD/剪切力在 FA 暴露后下降（Pre-FA Exp：0.13±0.07 AU，Post-FA Exp：0.07±0.03 AU； = 0.016）。肱动脉 RH 的曲线下面积（Pre-FA Exp：481±191 ml，Post-FA Exp：499±165 ml）和股总动脉 PLM（Pre-FA Exp：139±95 ml，Post-FA Exp：129±64 ml）不受 FA 暴露的影响（>0.05）。循环 MDA 增加（Pre-FA Exp：4.8±1.3 µM，Post-FA Exp：6.3±2.2 µM； = 0.047），而 XO、PC 和 CRP 不受 FA 暴露的影响（>0.05）。这些初步数据表明，短期 FA 暴露会对血管功能和氧化应激产生不利影响，影响心血管健康。这项研究首次调查了急性甲醛（FA）暴露对成年女性手臂和腿部血管功能的影响。这项研究的主要发现是，在 90 分钟的 FA 暴露后，导管血管功能下降，而微血管功能没有改变。此外，FA 暴露后丙二醛的氧化应激标志物增加。综上所述，这些结果表明，急性 FA 暴露对血管和氧化还原平衡有有害影响。
