Bednarz-Tumidajewicz Magdalena, Sender-Janeczek Aleksandra, Zborowski Jacek, Gedrange Tomasz, Konopka Tomasz, Prylińska-Czyżewska Agata, Dembowska Elżbieta, Bednarz Wojciech
Department of Periodontology, Specialist Outpatient Medical Clinic MEDIDENT, Gorlice, Poland.
Department of Periodontology, Wrocław Medical University, Wrocław, Poland.
Med Sci Monit. 2020 Oct 16;26:e924469. doi: 10.12659/MSM.924469.
BACKGROUND Two clinical parameters, the gingival thickness (GT) and the width of keratinized tissue (WKT), describe the gingival phenotype, which is defined as the 3-dimensional volume of the gingiva. The periodontal phenotype additionally includes the thickness of the labial plate of the alveolar crest (TLPAC). MATERIAL AND METHODS Thirty patients with healthy periodontium on the upper canines and incisors underwent measurements for crestal, supracrestal, free gingival thickness (FGT), the alveolar crest-gingival margin (AC-GM), alveolar crest-cementoenamel junction distance, and the TLPAC at 2, 4, and 8 mm apically from the edge of the alveolar crest using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) with computer-aided design and prosthetic-driven implant planning technology. For each tooth, the gingival and periodontal phenotype was evaluated on the basis of the gingival thickness, width of keratinized tissue (WKT), and TLPAC measurements. Each patient's periodontal phenotype was evaluated according to the coronal width/length ratio of both the upper central incisors. RESULTS The dentogingival units had varying average values for the 3 periodontal phenotypes (thin phenotype: FGT 0.65±0.06 mm, WKT 4.85±1.18 mm, AC-GM 3.17±0.64 mm, TLPAC2 0.66±0.28 mm; medium phenotype: FGT 0.87±0.07 mm, WKT 5.49±1.23 mm, AC-GM 3.36±0.65 mm, TLPAC2 0.76±0.37 mm; and thick phenotype: FGT 1.20 mm, WKT 6.00 mm, AC-GM 3.90 mm, TLPAC2 0.90 mm). Positive correlations were seen among WKT, FGT, AC-GM, and TLPAC2. CONCLUSIONS Positive correlations between the FGT and WKT, and the AC-GM distance confirm that measurements using CBCT with computer-aided design and prosthetic-driven implant planning technology can evaluate the gingival phenotype and TLPAC2 for the periodontal phenotype.
牙龈厚度（GT）和角化组织宽度（WKT）这两个临床参数描述了牙龈表型，牙龈表型被定义为牙龈的三维体积。牙周表型还包括牙槽嵴唇侧板厚度（TLPAC）。材料与方法：30例上颌尖牙和切牙牙周健康的患者，使用锥束计算机断层扫描（CBCT）结合计算机辅助设计和修复驱动的种植规划技术，测量从牙槽嵴边缘向根尖2、4和8mm处的嵴顶、嵴上、游离牙龈厚度（FGT）、牙槽嵴-牙龈边缘（AC-GM）、牙槽嵴-牙骨质釉质界距离以及TLPAC。对于每颗牙齿，根据牙龈厚度、角化组织宽度（WKT）和TLPAC测量值评估牙龈和牙周表型。根据上颌中切牙的冠宽/长比评估每位患者的牙周表型。结果：牙-牙龈单位的三种牙周表型具有不同的平均值（薄表型：FGT 0.65±0.06mm，WKT 4.85±1.18mm，AC-GM 3.17±0.64mm，TLPAC2 0.66±0.28mm；中等表型：FGT 0.87±0.07mm，WKT 5.49±1.23mm，AC-GM 3.36±0.65mm，TLPAC2 0.76±0.37mm；厚表型：FGT 1.20mm，WKT 6.00mm，AC-GM 3.90mm，TLPAC2 0.90mm）。WKT、FGT、AC-GM和TLPAC2之间存在正相关。结论：FGT与WKT以及AC-GM距离之间的正相关证实，使用CBCT结合计算机辅助设计和修复驱动的种植规划技术进行测量，可以评估牙龈表型和牙周表型的TLPAC2。
