Oxidative Stress and Cell Signaling Research Group, Interdisciplinary Center for Biotechnology Research - CIPBIOTEC, Campus São Gabriel, Federal University of Pampa, São Gabriel, RS, 97307-020, Brazil.
Oxidative Stress and Cell Signaling Research Group, Interdisciplinary Center for Biotechnology Research - CIPBIOTEC, Campus São Gabriel, Federal University of Pampa, São Gabriel, RS, 97307-020, Brazil.
Environ Pollut. 2021 Jan 1;268(Pt B):115783. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115783. Epub 2020 Oct 6.
As agriculture expands to provide food and wellbeing to the world's growing population, there is a simultaneous increasing concern about the use of agrochemicals, which can harm non-target organisms, mainly in the aquatic environment. The fungicide Mancozeb (MZ) has been used on a large-scale and is a potent inducer of oxidative stress. Therefore, there is an urgent need for the development of more sensitive biomarkers designed to earlier biomonitoring of this compound. Here we tested the hypothesis that behavioral changes induced by sublethal MZ concentrations would occur first as compared to biochemical oxidative stress markers. Embryos at 4 h post-fertilization (hpf) were exposed to Mancozeb at 5, 10 and 20 μg/L. Controls were kept in embryo water only. Behavioral and biochemical parameters were evaluated at 24, 28, 72, and 168 hpf after MZ exposure. The results showed that MZ significantly altered spontaneous movement, escape responses, swimming capacity, and exploratory behavior at all exposure times. However, changes in ROS steady-stead levels and the activity of antioxidant enzymes were observable only at 72 and 168 hpf. In conclusion, behavioral changes occurred earlier than biochemical alterations in zebrafish embryos exposed to MZ, highlighting the potential of behavioral biomarkers as sensitive tools for biomonitoring programs.
随着农业的发展，为世界不断增长的人口提供食物和福祉，人们同时也越来越关注农用化学品的使用，这些化学品会对非目标生物造成伤害，主要是在水生环境中。杀菌剂代森锰锌（MZ）已经大规模使用，并且是氧化应激的有力诱导剂。因此，迫切需要开发更敏感的生物标志物，以便更早地对这种化合物进行生物监测。在这里，我们检验了这样一个假设，即亚致死浓度的 MZ 会首先引起行为变化，而不是生化氧化应激标志物。受精后 4 小时（hpf）的胚胎暴露于 5、10 和 20μg/L 的代森锰锌中。对照组仅在胚胎水中保存。在暴露于 MZ 后 24、28、72 和 168 hpf 时评估行为和生化参数。结果表明，MZ 显著改变了自发运动、逃避反应、游泳能力和探索行为，所有暴露时间。然而，ROS 水平和抗氧化酶活性的变化仅在 72 和 168 hpf 时才可见。总之，在暴露于 MZ 的斑马鱼胚胎中，行为变化早于生化改变，突出了行为生物标志物作为生物监测计划的敏感工具的潜力。
