Otani Sayo, Fushimi Yasutaka, Iwanaga Kogoro, Tomotaki Seiichi, Yokota Yusuke, Oshima Sonoko, Sakurama Azusa, Wicaksono Krishna Pandu, Hinoda Takuya, Sakata Akihiko, Nakajima Satoshi, Okada Tomohisa, Takita Junko, Kawai Masahiko, Togashi Kaori
Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
J Magn Reson Imaging. 2021 Apr;53(4):1151-1161. doi: 10.1002/jmri.27395. Epub 2020 Oct 16.
Hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) maturation has not been extensively evaluated using neonatal MRI, even though both structures are visualized on MRI.
That signal intensity and volume of pituitary and thyroid (T) glands on MRI in neonates may be interrelated.
Retrospective.
In all, 102 participants.
FIELD STRENGTH/SEQUENCE: 3.0T, T -weighted pointwise encoding time reduction with radial acquisition (PETRA).
The volume of interest of the anterior pituitary (AP), posterior pituitary (PP), and T on MRI were defined on T -PETRA by two radiologists, and volumes of AP (AP_vol) and thyroid (T_vol) were calculated. Gestational age (GA), chronological age (CA), GA+CA, birth weight (BW), and thyroid function were recorded. Mean and maximum signal intensities of AP, PP, and T were normalized using signals from the pons and spinal cord as follows: signal ratio of anterior pituitary/pons (AP/pons), signal ratio of posterior pituitary/pons (PP/pons), and signal ratio of thyroid/cord (T/cord) T/cord, respectively.
Correlations between signal intensity and volume measures and GA, CA, GA+CA, and BW were assessed using Pearson's correlation coefficient or Spearman's rank correlation coefficient. Thyroid function analysis and T /cord, T /cord, and T_vol were evaluated using the Steel-Dwass test.
AP /pons correlated positively with GA (ρ = 0.62, P < 0.001) and BW (ρ = 0.74, P < 0.001), and negatively with CA (ρ = -0.86, P < 0.001) and GA+CA (ρ = -0.46, P < 0.001). PP /pons correlated positively with GA (ρ = 0.49, P < 0.001) and BW (ρ = 0.63, P < 0.001), and negatively with CA (ρ = -0.70, P < 0.001) and GA+CA (r = -0.38, P < 0.001). T /cord correlated positively with GA (ρ = 0.48, P < 0.001) and BW (ρ = 0.55, P < 0.001), and negatively with CA (ρ = -0.59, P < 0.001) and GA+CA (ρ = -0.22, P = 0.03). AP_vol correlated positively with GA (ρ = 0.68, P < 0.001) and BW (ρ = 0.73, P < 0.001), and negatively with CA (ρ = -0.72, P < 0.001). T_vol correlated positively with GA (ρ = 0.50, P < 0.001) and BW (ρ = 0.61, P < 0.001), and negatively with CA (ρ = -0.54, P < 0.001). AP /pons correlated positively with T /cord (ρ = 0.61, P < 0.001).
Signal and volume of pituitary and thyroid glands correlated positively with GA and BW, and negatively with CA in neonates.
4 TECHNICAL EFFICACY STAGE: 5.
尽管下丘脑 - 垂体 - 甲状腺（HPT）的结构在新生儿MRI上均可显影，但尚未广泛应用新生儿MRI对HPT的成熟情况进行评估。
新生儿MRI上垂体和甲状腺的信号强度与体积可能相互关联。
回顾性研究。
共102名参与者。
场强/序列：3.0T，采用径向采集的T加权逐点编码时间减少序列（PETRA）。
由两名放射科医生在T - PETRA序列上确定垂体前叶（AP）、垂体后叶（PP）和甲状腺的感兴趣区，并计算AP（AP_vol）和甲状腺（T_vol）的体积。记录胎龄（GA）、实足年龄（CA）、GA + CA、出生体重（BW）和甲状腺功能。AP、PP和甲状腺的平均及最大信号强度分别使用脑桥和脊髓的信号进行归一化处理，即垂体前叶/脑桥信号比（AP/脑桥）、垂体后叶/脑桥信号比（PP/脑桥）以及甲状腺/脊髓信号比（T/脊髓）。
使用Pearson相关系数或Spearman秩相关系数评估信号强度和体积测量值与GA、CA、GA + CA和BW之间的相关性。采用Steel - Dwass检验评估甲状腺功能分析以及T/脊髓、T/脊髓和T_vol。
AP/脑桥与GA呈正相关（ρ = 0.62，P < 0.001），与BW呈正相关（ρ = 0.74，P < 0.001），与CA呈负相关（ρ = -0.86，P < 0.001），与GA + CA呈负相关（ρ = -0.46，P < 0.001）。PP/脑桥与GA呈正相关（ρ = 0.49，P < 0.001），与BW呈正相关（ρ = 0.63，P < 0.001），与CA呈负相关（ρ = -0.70，P < 0.001），与GA + CA呈负相关（r = -0.38，P < 0.001）。T/脊髓与GA呈正相关（ρ = 0.48，P < 0.001），与BW呈正相关（ρ = 0.55，P < 0.001），与CA呈负相关（ρ = -0.59，P < 0.001），与GA + CA呈负相关（ρ = -0.22，P = 0.03）。AP_vol与GA呈正相关（ρ = 0.68，P < 0.001），与BW呈正相关（ρ = 0.73，P < 0.001），与CA呈负相关（ρ = -0.72，P < 0.001）。T_vol与GA呈正相关（ρ = 0.50，P < 0.001），与BW呈正相关（ρ = 0.61，P < 0.001），与CA呈负相关（ρ = -0.54，P < 0.001）。AP/脑桥与T/脊髓呈正相关（ρ = 0.61，P < 0.001）。
新生儿垂体和甲状腺的信号及体积与GA和BW呈正相关，与CA呈负相关。
4级 技术效能阶段：5级
