Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Vascular Anomalies Center, Children's Hospital Colorado, 13123 East 16th Avenue, B323, Aurora, CO 80045, United States.
Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, University of Cincinnati School of Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229, United States.
Semin Pediatr Surg. 2020 Oct;29(5):150971. doi: 10.1016/j.sempedsurg.2020.150971. Epub 2020 Sep 16.
Lymphatic malformations are low-flow vascular malformations that arise due to errors in vascular development. Lymphatic malformations are benign and usually noted at birth or in the first few years of life. Lymphatic mass lesions are composed of varying size of cysts; this article focuses on discussion of cystic lymphatic malformations. Lymphatic malformations can occur throughout the body especially in lymphatic rich areas such as the cervical and axillary locations as well as the groin, trunk, retroperitoneum, extremities, abdominal or thoracic cavities. Treatment options vary based upon size of cysts and location. A multimodal and interdisciplinary approach is essential to care for patients with lymphatic malformations. Management options include observation, pharmacotherapy, sclerotherapy, and surgical procedures.
淋巴管畸形是由于血管发育错误而引起的低流量血管畸形。淋巴管畸形是良性的，通常在出生时或生命的头几年就被发现。淋巴液肿块病变由不同大小的囊肿组成；本文重点讨论囊性淋巴管畸形。淋巴管畸形可以发生在全身，特别是在富含淋巴液的区域，如颈部和腋窝位置，以及腹股沟、躯干、腹膜后、四肢、腹部或胸腔。治疗方案因囊肿的大小和位置而异。多模式和跨学科的方法对于照顾淋巴管畸形患者至关重要。治疗方案包括观察、药物治疗、硬化治疗和手术。
