Pons Caroline, Voß Ann-Cathrin, Schweiger Rabea, Müller Caroline
Department of Chemical Ecology Bielefeld University Bielefeld Germany.
Ecol Evol. 2020 Aug 28;10(19):10481-10491. doi: 10.1002/ece3.6703. eCollection 2020 Oct.
The impacts of climate change on worldwide crop production become increasingly severe. Thus, sustainable enhancements of agricultural production are needed. The present study investigated the effects of drought and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on wheat plants () and their interaction with aphids. Considering predicted climate change scenarios, wheat plants were exposed to well-watered conditions, continuous drought (CD), or pulsed (PD) drought and plants were grown without (NM) or with mycorrhizal (AM) fungi. Ear biomass and harvest index were evaluated when grains were produced. Moreover, drought- and mycorrhiza-induced changes in the amino acid composition of leaf phloem exudates were studied and the population growth and survival of aphids on those plants measured. Wheat plants responded differently toward the irrigation treatments. Under drought stress, ear biomass was reduced, while AM resulted in an enhanced harvest index. In phloem exudates especially, relative concentrations of the osmoprotectant proline were modulated by drought. Aphid population size was influenced by the interaction of drought and mycorrhiza treatment. This study emphasizes the pronounced influence of irrigation frequency on plant performance and indicates positive contributions of AM that may be relevant for agriculture.
气候变化对全球作物产量的影响日益严重。因此，需要可持续地提高农业产量。本研究调查了干旱和丛枝菌根真菌对小麦植株（品种）的影响及其与蚜虫的相互作用。考虑到预测的气候变化情景，将小麦植株置于水分充足的条件下、持续干旱（CD）或脉冲干旱（PD）环境中，并在不接种（NM）或接种菌根（AM）真菌的情况下种植。在小麦结籽时评估穗生物量和收获指数。此外，研究了干旱和菌根诱导的叶片韧皮部渗出物氨基酸组成的变化，并测定了这些植株上蚜虫的种群增长和存活率。小麦植株对灌溉处理的反应不同。在干旱胁迫下，穗生物量降低，而接种AM真菌则提高了收获指数。特别是在韧皮部渗出物中，渗透保护剂脯氨酸的相对浓度受干旱调节。蚜虫种群大小受干旱和菌根处理相互作用的影响。本研究强调了灌溉频率对植株性能的显著影响，并表明AM真菌的积极作用可能与农业相关。
