Department of Family Medicine, McGill University , Montreal, Canada.
Graduate Entry Medical School, University of Limerick , Limerick, Ireland.
Glob Health Action. 2020 Dec 31;13(1):1826730. doi: 10.1080/16549716.2020.1826730.
Participatory approaches that engage affected populations are increasingly applied in humanitarian health programs in concert with emerging accountability frameworks and the rapid growth of research in these settings. Participatory initiatives within this domain appear to be largely adopted at an operational level and are infrequently reported as a component of research efforts. Yet the evidence of the benefits of research involving community members is growing worldwide. This is the first review of participatory research (PR) in humanitarian settings.
This study sought to understand the extent to which PR values and practices have been adopted in humanitarian health programs and to explore key issues in applying PR in this context.
This scoping review was based on the approach developed by Arksey and O'Malley. The search for relevant peer-reviewed articles included scientific databases, a humanitarian database, targeted journals and online resources published since 2009. Eleven articles were retrieved and reviewed to identify practices and key issues related to conducting PR in humanitarian settings.
Four key themes were identified: building trust with local research stakeholders and participants; the importance of contextual understanding; implications of collaborating with affected populations in PR, and neutrality of researchers and Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs). Study teams considered PR as a valued approach where there was mistrust or a need for contextualized understanding. The studies described how adaptations made during the study optimized collaboration with affected populations and how the presence of NGOs influenced the approach and results of PR.
One of the most important contributions of humanitarian health programs is to develop 'medical practices that are better adapted to the living conditions and priorities of patients who are generally ignored'. Participatory approaches, such as PR, support the development of health-related practices that are more relevant and sustainable for affected populations.
参与式方法使受影响人群参与其中，这种方法越来越多地应用于人道主义卫生项目中，同时也符合新兴的问责框架和这些环境中研究的快速发展。在这一领域内的参与式举措似乎主要在业务层面上采用，而且很少作为研究工作的一部分进行报告。然而，涉及社区成员的研究带来益处的证据在全球范围内不断增加。这是对人道主义环境中参与式研究（PR）的首次审查。
本研究旨在了解 PR 价值观和实践在人道主义卫生项目中得到采用的程度，并探讨在这种情况下应用 PR 的关键问题。
本范围界定审查基于 Arksey 和 O'Malley 提出的方法。对相关同行评议文章的搜索包括科学数据库、人道主义数据库、目标期刊和自 2009 年以来在线发布的资源。检索并审查了 11 篇文章，以确定在人道主义环境中进行 PR 的相关实践和关键问题。
确定了四个关键主题：与当地研究利益相关者和参与者建立信任；对背景理解的重视；与受影响人群合作进行 PR 的影响，以及研究人员和非政府组织（NGO）的中立性。研究小组认为 PR 是一种有价值的方法，在存在不信任或需要对背景进行理解的情况下可以采用。这些研究描述了在研究过程中进行的调整如何优化与受影响人群的合作，以及 NGO 的存在如何影响 PR 的方法和结果。
人道主义卫生项目的最重要贡献之一是开发“更能适应通常被忽视的患者生活条件和优先事项的医疗实践”。参与式方法，如 PR，支持发展更符合受影响人群需求和可持续性的与健康相关的实践。
