School of Public Health, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, India; Adjunct Faculty, SRM School of Public Health, SRMIST, SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur, 603203, Tamil Nadu, India.
School of Public Health, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, India; Assistant Professor, Division of Epidemiology, SRM School of Public Health, SRMIST, SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur, 603203, Tamil Nadu, India.
Indian J Tuberc. 2020 Oct;67(4):488-494. doi: 10.1016/j.ijtb.2020.07.006. Epub 2020 Jul 12.
Tuberculosis (TB) is a major public health problem in India, particularly with very limited information on TB among the tribes. This cross sectional descriptive study aims to estimate the prevalence of TB among tribal groups; understand the socio cultural determinants as risk factors for TB, and understand the knowledge attitude and practices regarding TB among Tribal population.
A multistage cluster sampling design was adopted. Tribal population >70% formed the sampling frame for selection of villages. Probability Proportional to Size (PPS) sampling method was used to select villages within the districts Villupuram, Namakkal, Nilgiris. The required sample size was estimated to be 2400 adults aged ≥15 years with an assumed prevalence of 387/100,000 bacteriological positive cases with a precision of 15% at 95% confidence level and design effect of 1.3.
A total of 2945 respondents were included in the analysis wherein approximately 87% were tribes and around 13% were non tribes. The point prevalence of TB estimated among the tribes was 196/100,000 population, and the period prevalence was reported to be 1605/100,000. About 46% of the respondents were found to be illiterate, 19.7% had their own cultivation and 31.5% reported that they consume alcohol, about 60% of them reported to consume alcohol used Indian Made Foreign Liquor. About 85% people in the 3 study sites have heard about TB, among them 66% did not know the causation and approximately 31% reported TB to be spread through air.
The present study could be beneficial for the prevention of TB in tribal population and emphasize the necessity for health education efforts to promote knowledge about TB among tribes. This study provides important information on the burden of TB and would help design an innovative model for policy makers and health managers to address TB in the tribal population of Tamilnadu.
结核病（TB）是印度的一个主要公共卫生问题，特别是在部落中，关于结核病的信息非常有限。本横断面描述性研究旨在估计部落群体中结核病的患病率；了解社会文化决定因素作为结核病的危险因素，并了解部落人群对结核病的知识、态度和做法。
采用多阶段聚类抽样设计。部落人口超过 70%构成了选择村庄的抽样框架。采用概率与大小成比例（PPS）抽样方法在Villupuram、Namakkal、Nilgiris 区选择村庄。估计所需的样本量为 2400 名年龄≥15 岁的成年人，假设阳性细菌病例的患病率为 387/100,000，精度为 15%，置信水平为 95%，设计效果为 1.3。
共有 2945 名受访者纳入分析，其中约 87%为部落成员，约 13%为非部落成员。估计部落成员中结核病的现患率为 196/100,000 人口，期间患病率为 1605/100,000。约 46%的受访者是文盲，19.7%有自己的耕种，31.5%报告饮酒，其中约 60%的人饮用印度制造的外国酒类。在 3 个研究地点中，约 85%的人听说过结核病，其中 66%不知道病因，约 31%的人报告结核病通过空气传播。
本研究有助于预防部落人群中的结核病，并强调有必要开展健康教育工作，以提高部落人群对结核病的认识。本研究提供了结核病负担的重要信息，有助于为政策制定者和卫生管理者设计一个创新模式，以解决泰米尔纳德邦部落人群中的结核病问题。
