Lee Myung Kyung, Oh Jihyun
College of Nursing, Research Institute of Nursing Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea.
Department of Nursing, Daejeon University, Daejeon 34520, Korea.
Healthcare (Basel). 2020 Oct 16;8(4):407. doi: 10.3390/healthcare8040407.
This cross-sectional study aimed to explore the relationships among sociodemographics, health literacy, self-efficacy, social support, health-promoting behavior, and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in older adults. A total of 240 older adults aged >65 years were recruited from three community senior welfare centers in South Korea. Standardized self-administered questionnaires measuring sociodemographic characteristics, health literacy, social support, self-efficacy, health-promoting behavior, and health-related quality of life were distributed to older adults. Multiple regression analyses with stepwise selection was used to determine the factors affecting health-related quality of life. Factors affecting a higher physical component score of HRQOL were a higher comprehension level of and numeracy in health literacy, physical health-promoting behavior, perceived emotional-informational support, and a lesser number of comorbidities. Factors affecting a higher mental component score of HRQOL were a higher comprehension level of and numeracy in health literacy, self-efficacy, physical health-promoting behavior, perceived emotional-informational support, and a lesser number of comorbidities. To improve HRQOL among older adults, nursing interventions are required to measure health literacy, empower physical health-promoting behavior and self-efficacy, and enhance emotional-informational support from family or other resources.
这项横断面研究旨在探讨老年人的社会人口统计学、健康素养、自我效能感、社会支持、健康促进行为以及健康相关生活质量（HRQOL）之间的关系。从韩国的三个社区老年福利中心招募了总共240名年龄大于65岁的老年人。向老年人发放了测量社会人口统计学特征、健康素养、社会支持、自我效能感、健康促进行为以及健康相关生活质量的标准化自填问卷。采用逐步选择的多元回归分析来确定影响健康相关生活质量的因素。影响HRQOL较高身体成分得分的因素包括健康素养的较高理解水平和算术能力、促进身体健康的行为、感知到的情感信息支持以及较少的合并症数量。影响HRQOL较高心理成分得分的因素包括健康素养的较高理解水平和算术能力、自我效能感、促进身体健康的行为、感知到的情感信息支持以及较少的合并症数量。为了提高老年人的HRQOL，需要采取护理干预措施来测量健康素养、增强促进身体健康的行为和自我效能感，并加强来自家庭或其他资源的情感信息支持。
