Zetter Daniel R, Kabir Tanvir, Reynolds Samuel B
Hematology and Oncology, University of Louisville, Louisville, USA.
Internal Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, USA.
Cureus. 2020 Sep 15;12(9):e10463. doi: 10.7759/cureus.10463.
The acute complications of multiple myeloma can be varied and devastating, including electrolyte derangements, renal failure, and infections amongst others. The varying pathological mechanisms behind these complications make the management of patients presenting with multiple myeloma a complicated and sometimes tenuous process. The patient compliance can further exacerbate these difficulties. The patient discussed in this case initially presented with newly developed altered mental status, fatigue, epistaxis, and an ecchymotic rash. Laboratory testing and imaging would conclude a diagnosis of multiple myeloma, but unfortunately treatment was cut short. Admission at a later date would show rapidly deteriorating condition with new lung consolidations and worsening laboratory findings. Herein the authors discuss the clinical findings of patients with acute manifestations of multiple myeloma, their prognostic value, and the implications of patient compliance and early intervention in the setting of multiple myeloma.
多发性骨髓瘤的急性并发症可能多种多样且具有破坏性,包括电解质紊乱、肾衰竭和感染等。这些并发症背后不同的病理机制使得多发性骨髓瘤患者的管理成为一个复杂且有时棘手的过程。患者的依从性会进一步加剧这些困难。本病例中讨论的患者最初表现为新出现的精神状态改变、疲劳、鼻出血和瘀斑疹。实验室检查和影像学检查确诊为多发性骨髓瘤,但不幸的是治疗提前中断。后来再次入院时病情迅速恶化,出现新的肺部实变且实验室检查结果恶化。在此,作者讨论了多发性骨髓瘤急性表现患者的临床发现、它们的预后价值,以及患者依从性和早期干预在多发性骨髓瘤情况下的意义。