ITAIPU Binacional, Divisão de Reservatório-MARR.CD, PR, Brazil, Avenida Tancredo Neves, 6731, CEP 85856-970 Foz do Iguaçu, Paraná, Brazil.
Laboratório de Bioquímica e Microbiologia Aplicada, Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Ciências Exatas, Universidade Estadual Paulista, SP, Brazil, Rua Cristóvão Colombo, 2265, Jardim Nazareth, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo CEP 15054-000, Brazil.
Biomed Res Int. 2020 Oct 6;2020:5324391. doi: 10.1155/2020/5324391. eCollection 2020.
The main organochlorinated compounds used on agricultural crops are often recalcitrant, affecting nontarget organisms and contaminating rivers or groundwater. Diuron (N-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-N',N'-dimethylurea) is a chlorinated herbicide widely used in sugarcane plantations. Here, we evaluated the ability of 13 basidiomycete strains of growing in a contaminated culture medium and degrading the xenobiotic. Dissipation rates in culture medium with initial 25 mg/L of diuron ranged from 7.3 to 96.8%, being SXS 320 the most efficient strain, leaving no detectable residues after diuron metabolism. MCA 16 removed 56% of diuron after 40 days of cultivation, producing three metabolites more polar than parental herbicide, two of them identified as being DCPU and DCPMU. Despite of the strong inductive effect of diuron upon laccase synthesis and secretion, the application of crude enzymatic extracts of did not catalyzed the breakdown of the herbicide in vitro, indicating that diuron biodegradation was not related to this oxidative enzyme.
在农业作物上使用的主要有机氯化合物往往难以降解，会影响到非目标生物，并污染河流或地下水。敌草隆（N-(3,4-二氯苯基)-N',N'-二甲基脲）是一种广泛用于甘蔗种植园的氯化除草剂。在这里，我们评估了在受污染的培养基中生长并降解外来化合物的 13 株担子菌菌株的能力。在初始浓度为 25mg/L 的敌草隆培养基中，消解率从 7.3%到 96.8%不等，其中 SXS 320 是最有效的菌株，在代谢后几乎检测不到敌草隆残留。MCA 16 在培养 40 天后去除了 56%的敌草隆，产生了三种比母体除草剂极性更强的代谢物，其中两种被鉴定为 DCPU 和 DCPMU。尽管敌草隆对漆酶合成和分泌有强烈的诱导作用，但未催化该除草剂在体外的分解，这表明敌草隆的生物降解与这种氧化酶无关。
